Studies of the differences in operating performance of minorityand nonminorityowned commercial banks date back to the 1970s and early 1980s. The focal point of much of this research was to investigate the long-term viability of minority-owned institutions. Some studies investigated declining lending trends among minority institutions (Boorman and Kwast 1974 and Meinster and Elyasiani 1988), whi...

While development of sound, market-oriented banking systems is fundamental to the transition, bank intermediation remains stunted after a decade or more of reform. This paper examines the impact of banking and enterprise reforms and other factors on banking development in transition economies at both the aggregate level and that of individual banks. A unique contribution of the paper is the ana...

In response to the call of the Chinese government to support low-carbon development, the issue has come to the view gradually as to whether the behaviors of banks’ green credit will contribute to easing their own credit risk. To reflect the behaviors of green credit of banks in detail, an indicator, named the carbon intensity of loans (CIL), is first proposed in this paper to measure the carbon...

This paper is a revised and updated version of the informal background document prepared for the Ad Hoc Expert Group Meeting on “Rethinking the Role of National Development Banks” (New York, 1-2 December 2005). Its goal is two-fold. First, it aims to provide a possible framework for analyses at follow-up regional meetings, with a view to deriving conclusions and recommendations. Second, it incl...

We present a locational model of banking with two types of private banks, honest and opportunistic, and a state bank that is assumed to be less efficient. Opportunistic banks choose whether to honor their contracts with depositors depending on the probability of contract enforcement. We derive three types of equilibria, which depend on institutional quality: a “low” equilibrium in which private...

Computerization of the workplace is beginning to gather momentum in India. The capabilities of computers—what computers can do for us—are discussed at length, but the effects of computers—what they do to us—are not aired so widely. If full benefits of computerization are to be realized, the way computers affect employees needs to be understood and tackled. In this article, Kakoli Saha shows how...

A long with the development of electronic banking as a result of rapid growth of information technology, many banking indices including concentration are affected. This influence is made among different variables of which the amount of banks’ deposits and the level of deposit attraction are the most important. This study the influence of electronic banki...

This paper examines the corporate governance of banks. When banks efficiently mobilize and allocate funds, this lowers the cost of capital to firms, boosts capital formation, and stimulates productivity growth. Thus, weak governance of banks reverberates throughout the economy with negative ramifications for economic development. After reviewing the major governance concepts for corporations in...