Everyday life reasoning and argumentation is defeasible and uncertain. I present a probability logic framework to rationally reconstruct everyday life reasoning and argumentation. Coherence in the sense of De Finetti is used as the basic rationality norm. I discuss two basic classes of approaches to construct measures of argument strength. The first class imposes a probabilistic relation betwee...

In seeking higher performance, organizations differentiate themselves internally in an attempt to economize on bounded rationality. I argue that for this same reason—bounded rationality— maximal functional specialization is not optimal organizational design from the point of view of exploration. I examine this argument by testing the hypothesis that functional overlap and organizational integra...

Against the ideal of value-free science I argue that science is not––and cannot be––value-free and that relevant values are both cognitive and moral. I develop an argument by indicating various aspects of the value-ladenness of science. The recognition of the value-ladenness of science requires rethinking our understanding of the rationality and responsibility of science. Its rationality cannot...

When applying argumentation theory for purposes of what to believe or what to do, the idea is to follow a three-step process. In the first step, one starts with a particular knowledge base and determines what are the possible defeasible derivations (called arguments) one can make using this knowledge base. These derivations then become the nodes of a directed graph called an argumentation frame...

Humans already have a certain level of autonomy, defined here as capability for voluntary purposive action, and a certain level of rationality, i.e. capability of reasoning about the consequences of their own actions and those of others. Under the prevailing concept of AGI we envision artificial agents that have at least this high, and possibly considerably higher, levels of autonomy and ration...

Sufferers of eating disorders often hold false beliefs about their own body size. Such appear to violate norms rationality, being neither grounded by nor responsive appropriate forms evidence. I defend the rationality these beliefs. argue that they are in fact supported evidence, emanating from proprioceptive misperception bodily boundaries. This argument has far-reaching implications for expla...

This paper will analyze the emerging law and economics justification for alimony. It will argue that while the economic justification for alimony contains some important insights, feminists and other family law scholars should ultimately be wary of attempting to justify postdivorce incomesharing by relying primarily on economic efficiency grounds. Part I of the paper will briefly sketch the his...

Nash Equilibrium is a central concept in game theory. It has been argued that playing Nash Equilibrium strategies is rational advice for agents involved in one-time strategic interactions captured by non-cooperative game theory. This essay discusses arguments for that position: von Neumann/Morgenstern’s argument for their minimax solution, the argument from self-enforcing agreements, the argume...

Like David Silver before them, Erik Baldwin and Michael Thune argue that the facts of religious pluralism present an insurmountable challenge to the rationality of basic exclusive religious belief as construed by Reformed Epistemology. I will show that their argument is unsuccessful. First, their claim that the facts of religious pluralism make it necessary for the religious exclusivist to supp...