Timothy is grown as a high value forage crop in California. Thrips (Anaphothrips obscurus Müller) have recently been implicated causing damage by increasing the quantity of brown leaves and lowering the value of this crop. Minimal studies have explored the relation of thrips levels to yield and damage in timothy and management options for this pest are extremely limited. We performed studies in...

Mechanisms underlying the binocular combination of visual information were investigated within the context of a visual information acquisition theory proposed by Loftus, Busey, and their colleagues (e.g., as described by T.A. Busey & G. R. Loftus, 1994). A central assumption of the theory is that of a sensory threshold, which engenders an information loss such that information processing subseq...

A set of C and C+2 routines are described that allow the efficient estimation of sensory thresholds in psychophysical experiments using a maximum-likelihood staircase procedure. They have been used effectively in visual, auditory, gustatory, and olfactory psychophysics.

The responses of (i) groups of crowd-reared mature males of desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria to a choice of two columns of air, one permeated with different concentrations of phenylacetonitrile (PAN), the major component of gregarious-phase male-produced pheromone, and the other untreated, and (ii) individual crowd-reared mature males of the insect to varying concentration gradients of PAN,...

When performance is limited by stochastically defined masks, (psychophysical) reverse correlation has proven to be an especially efficient tool for estimating the templates used by detection and discrimination mechanisms. Here I describe a maximum-likelihood approach to quantifying the significance of differences between estimates of template. Four methodologically related experiments illustrat...