the environmental kuznets curve (ekc) hypothesis posits an inverted u relationship between environmental pollutants and per capita income. recent researches have examined this hypothesis for different pollutants in different countries. however, so far a few number of ekc studies have been carried out in iran. this might be due to the lack of reliable environmental data in this field. the aim of...

In this letter, we apply an extended environmental dynamic computable general equilibrium model to assess the economic consequences of implementing a total emission control policy. On the basis of emission levels in 2007, we simulate different emission reduction scenarios, ranging from 20 to 50% emission reduction, up to the year 2020. The results indicate that a modest total emission reduction...

issues related to environment are one of the most important issues the communities are facing with in the recent decades. on the other hand, the resource scarcity and the necessity of development for iran and other similar countries makes the issue of efficiency as a solution of the environmental crisis important. in this study, the effects of the variables energy intensity (as one of the most ...

Small diesel engines are widely used for commercial vehicle and passenger car applications due to their higher torque requirements, fuel economy, and better thermal efficiency. These engines are exposed to different operating and environmental conditions and hence emissions from these engines are erratic. Strategies are required to enhance performance and reduce engine-out emissions considering...

Line emission is strongly dependent on the local environmental conditions in which the emitting tracers reside. In this work, we focus on modelling the CO emission from simulated giant molecular clouds (GMCs), and study the variations in the resulting line ratios arising from the emission from the J = 1–0, J = 2–1, and J = 3–2 transitions. We perform a set of smoothed particle hydrodynamics sim...