‎‎Let $R$ be a non-commutative ring with unity‎. ‎The commuting graph‎ of $R$ denoted by $Gamma(R)$‎, ‎is a graph with a vertex set‎ ‎$Rsetminus Z(R)$ and two vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent if and only if‎ $ab=ba$‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we investigate non-commutative rings with unity of order $p^n$ where $p$ is prime and $n in lbrace 4,5 rbrace$‎. It is shown that‎, ‎$Gamma(R)$ is the disjoint ...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $M$ be an unitary $R$-module. The intersection graph of an $R$-module $M$, denoted by $Gamma(M)$, is a simple graph whose vertices are all non-trivial submodules of $M$ and two distinct vertices $N_1$ and $N_2$ are adjacent if and only if $N_1cap N_2neq 0$. In this article, we investigate the concept of a planar intersection graph and maximal subm...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity. Let $G(R)$ denote the maximal graph associated to $R$, i.e., $G(R)$ is a graph with vertices as the elements of $R$, where two distinct vertices $a$ and $b$ are adjacent if and only if there is a maximal ideal of $R$ containing both. Let $Gamma(R)$ denote the restriction of $G(R)$ to non-unit elements of $R$. In this paper we study the various graphi...

This paper defines an isomorphism, an anti-isomorphism and a Jordan isomorphism in a gamma ring and develops some important results relating to these concepts. Using these results we prove Herstein’s theorem of classical rings in case of prime gamma rings by showing that every Jordan isomorphism of a 2-torsion free prime gamma ring is either an isomorphism or an anti-isomorphism. AMS Mathematic...

Prolyl 4-hydroxylases install a hydroxyl group in the 4R configuration on the gamma-carbon atom of certain (2S)-proline (Pro) residues in tropocollagen, elastin, and other proteins to form (2S,4R)-4-hydroxyproline (Hyp). The gauche effect arising from this prevalent post-translational modification enforces a C(gamma)-exo ring pucker and stabilizes the collagen triple helix. The Hyp diastereomer...

A stereoselective synthesis of (+)-norrisolide is presented. This natural product belongs to a family of marine spongiane diterpenes the structure of which is characterized by a fused gamma-lactone-gamma-lactol ring system attached to a bicyclic hydrophobic core. Our studies led to the development of a expedient synthesis of such gamma-lactone-gamma-lactol motifs based on ring expansion of a fu...

The goal of this paper is to give a definition generalization fuzzy prime $\Gamma $-ideals in $-rings by introducing 2-absorbing and weakly completely commutative their properties. Furthermore, we diagram which transition between definitions $-ring. Finally, introduce quotient $-ring $R$ induced the $-ideal $2$-absorbing