Effects of global warming on marine ecosystems are far less understood than they are in terrestrial environments. Macrophyte-based coastal ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to global warming, because they often lack species redundancy. We tested whether summer heat waves have negative effects on an ecologically important ecosystem engineer, the eelgrass Zostera marina L., and whether high ...

The study was conducted to investigate the fatty acid profile of intramuscular fat in longissimus lumborum (LL) of three genotypic groups: Qazvinian native (Q, n=10), crossbred Qazvinian native × Saanen breed (QS, n=10) and backcrossed Qazvinian native × Saanen breed (QSS, n=9) male kids.All of kids were weaned at 75-days-old and then fed with a diet consisted of concentrate (70%) and alfalfa h...

Interpreting the results of plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genotypic drug-resistance tests is one of the most difficult tasks facing clinicians caring for HIV-1-infected patients. There are many drug-resistance mutations, and they arise in complex patterns that cause varying levels of drug resistance. In addition, HIV-1 exists in vivo as a virus population containing many ge...

In this case-controlled study, we tested susceptible genetic variants for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in CR1, CLU and PICALM from Genome Wide Association studies (GWAS) in southern Chinese population. 812 participants consisting of 462 late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) patients and 350 non-demented controls were recruited. We found by multivariate logistic regression analysis, that single nucl...

In this case-controlled study, we tested susceptible genetic variants for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in CR1, CLU and PICALM from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in a southern Chinese population. Eight hundred twelve participants consisting of 462 late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) patients and 350 nondemented control subjects were recruited. We found by multivariate logistic regression ...

Genotypic data from pathogenic isolates are often used to measure the extent of infectious disease transmission. These methods include phylogenetic reconstruction and the evaluation of clustering indices. The first aim of this paper is to critique current methods used to analyse genotypic data from molecular epidemiological studies of tuberculosis. In particular, by not accounting for the mutat...

A linear model for the genotypic covariance between relatives under assortative mating comprising the "classical linear model" and the model of "selective assortative mating" is proposed. The general conditions on the genetical and developmental mechanisms of quantitative characters, as well as on selection and the mating system, on which the model is based, are explicitly stated and discussed....

BACKGROUND Growing evidence has linked HIV-1 resistance mutations and drug failure. The use of genotypic-resistance analysis to assist therapeutic decision-making in patients failing therapy has not been investigated. We assessed the virological and immunological impact of genotypic-resistance testing. METHODS We did a prospective, open, randomised, controlled study of HIV-1-infected patients...

Declines in genetic diversity within a species can affect the stability and functioning of populations. The conservation of genetic diversity is thus a priority, especially for threatened or endangered species. The importance of genetic variation, however, is dependent on the degree to which it translates into phenotypic variation for traits that affect individual performance and ecological pro...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Materials and Methods 3.1. Study subjects 3.2. Data collection 3.3. Collection for blood specimens 3.4. Abstraction of genome DNA 3.5. Analysis of genotype 3.5.1. Determination of CYP2E1 genotypic polymorphism 3.5.2. Determination of CYP17 genotypic polymorphism 3.5.3. Determination of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypic polymorphism 3.6. Statistical analysis 3.7. Quality c...