discussion bladder over-distention and spontaneous bladder rupture, although very rare in ham/tsp, should be considered in a differential diagnosis of bladder rupture, especially in patients with a history of htlv1. introduction spontaneous bladder rupture is a rare manifestation of hyporeflexic bladder due to ham/tsp( human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv1) associated myelopathy/tropica...

background patients with beta thalassemia suffer from increased susceptibility to infections and putridity plays a major role in the patient's morbidity and mortality. the risk of transfusion-transmitted viral infection is well known in these patients. however, there is dearth of information about the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection in patients with beta thalassemia in li...

abstract aims: a few studies concentrate on the level of knowledge of hpv. this study was conducted to evaluate the level of knowledge about hpv, its risk factors, and its relation with cervical cancer in women of kashan city, iran. instrument & methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in january 2015 in the population of the women of kashan city, iran, and 200 persons were...

human papilloma virus causes benign and malignant abnormalities in different part of the body. the link between high risk types of hpv and some anogenital and aerodigestive tract cancer is well established. oral hpv infection plays a role in developing oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. we studied the prevalence of oral hpv in healthy individuals and its relative risk factors.saliva samples...

background human t-cell lymphotropic virus types ι and ιι (htlv-ι and htlv-ii) are deltaretroviruses which may cause leukemia, lymphoma and htlv-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (ham/tsp). in addition, htlv-1 may be related to thalassemia and hemophilia cases after blood transfusion. objectives the aim of this study was evaluation of the prevalence of htlvs in patients with he...

purpose: to explore any association between human papilloma virus (hpv) infection and ocular surface squamous neoplasia. methods: forty pathological specimens including 20 cases of conjunctival intra-epithelial neoplasia grade i (cin i) and 20 cases of cin iii and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (scc) together with 20 pterygium samples (controls) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr...

Background: The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I is the first retrovirus idenfied in humans. The virus has been associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, human T-lymphotropic virus type I, myelopathy/tropical spasc paraparesis, uveis, arthris, pulmonary lymphocyc alveolis, keratoconjuncvis sicca, and infecous dermas. Human T-lymphotropic virus type Iis endemic in Japan...

background: different studies have demonstrated that a small proportion of healthy individuals receiving the hepatitis b (hb) vaccine do not produce protective levels of anti-hb antibody, a phenomenon which could be linked to certain human leukocyte an-tigen (hla) class-ii alleles or haplotypes. objectives: the present study was under-taken to determine the frequency of hla class-ii alleles in ...