background: in spermatogenesis, spermatogonial cells differentiate to the haploid gametes. it has been shown that spermatogenesis can be done at in vitro condition. in vitro spermatogenesis may provide an open window to treat male infertility. objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a novel scaffold containing human serum albumin (hsa)/tri calcium phosphate nanoparticles...

BACKGROUND Erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA)-resistant anemia is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the determinants of severity of ESA resistance in patients with CKD and primary ESA-resistance. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (the Handling Erythropoietin Resistance with Oxpentifylline, HERO). SETTING AND PATIENTS 53 adult patie...

human serum albumin has been used as a model protein for protein folding and ligand binding studies over many decades. due to its long life period and high concentration in plasma, hsa is highly sensitive to glycation. it is reported that 175 mg/dl glucose concentration is a threshold of kidney activity for the beginning of excretion of glucose. ph denaturation of hsa in absence and presence of...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between arterial microcalcification (AMiC) and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) hyporesponsiveness in hemodialysis patients. The presence of AMiC was confirmed by pathologic examination of von Kossa-stained arterial specimens acquired during vascular access surgery. We assessed the ESA hyporesponsiveness index (EHRI), defined as the ...

OBJECTIVE It has been reported that hyporesponsiveness to erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) is associated with adverse events in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). However, it has not been determined whether higher iron storage is associated with an improved response, including better survival, to ESA. DESIGN AND METHOD We measured serum ferritin, hemoglobin (Hb), and transferri...

background: inflammatory process has a substantial contribution in the development of anemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. low serum albumin in hemodialysis patients is considered a marker of inflammation. the present longitudinal study aimed to determine the relationship between low baseline serum albumin and future development of anemia. methods: the population of this study consisted of ...

background: progress in the field of biology and biochemistry has led to the discovery of numerous bioactive peptides and proteins in the last few decades. delivery of therapeutic proteins/peptides has received a considerable amount of attention in recent years. methods: in this study, a two-step desolvation method was used to produce biodegradable hydrophilic gelatin nanoparticles (gnp) as a d...