The reasons ecosystems should be restored are numerous, disparate, generally understated, and commonly underappreciated. We offer a typology in which these reasons--or motivations--are ordered among five rationales: technocratic, biotic, heuristic, idealistic, and pragmatic. The technocratic rationale encompasses restoration that is conducted by government agencies or other large organizations ...

In 6 studies, we found that advice is more idealistic than choice in decisions that trade off idealistic and pragmatic considerations. We propose that because advisers are more psychologically distant from the choosers' decision problem, they construe the dilemma at a higher construal level than do choosers (Trope & Liberman, 2003, 2010). Consequently, advisers are more influenced by idealistic...

Historically, Markovian predictors have been very successful in predicting branch outcomes. In this work we propose a hybrid scheme that employs two Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM) Markovian predictors, one that predicts based on local branch histories and one based on global branch histories. The two independent predictions are combined using a neural network. On the CBP-2 traces the prop...

Molodtsov introduced the concept of soft sets. In this paper, we present the definition of soft N -groups and construct some basic properties by using N -groups and Molodtsov’s definition of soft sets. We introduce the notions of soft N -subgroups, soft N -ideal, N -idealistic soft N -groups and soft N -group homomorphisms. Moreover, the relations between N -idealistic soft N -groups and soft N...