Background: Ethical validity and ethics of biology is still one of the challenges of today's organizations because efficiency and effectiveness of these two factors are important so managers need to take it seriously so that they can divert employees from unethical practices by portraying useful ethics. And instead help them to do ethical duties. Based on this necessity, the present study aimed...

The ethical review of research on human beings, and indeed the ethical review of broader ranges of human activity, is a growth industry. I want to look here at the ethical review of research on humans and raise some questions about the direction it is taking. I am pessimistic about where the institutions that we have set up are leading us and I want to sound a warning note and suggest some chan...

Health research initiatives worldwide are growing in scope and complexity, particularly as they move into the developing world. Expanding health research activity in low- and middle-income countries has resulted in a commensurate rise in the need for sound ethical review structures and functions in the form of Research Ethics Committees (RECs). The urgent need for continued capacity development...

Evaluating the practice of ethical review by Research Ethics Committees (REC) could help protect the interests of human participants and promote scientific progress. To facilitate such evaluations, we conducted an ethnographic study of how an REC reviews research proposals during its meetings. We observed 13 meetings of a Dutch REC and studied REC documents. We coded this material inductively a...

Ethics committees are the most important practical instrument of clinical ethics in Belgium and fulfil three tasks: the ethical review of experimental protocols, advising on the ethical aspects of healthcare practice, and ethics consultation. In this article the authors examine the current situation of ethics committees in Belgium from the perspective of clinical ethics. Firstly, the most impor...

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Ethical considerations for autonomous vehicles (AVs) go beyond the “trolley problem” to include such aspects as risk / benefit trade-offs, informed consent, risk responsibility and risk mitigation within a system of systems. In this paper we present a methodology for arguing that the behaviour of a given AV meets desired ethical characteristics. We identify some of the ethical imperatives surro...

Background: The purpose of this study is to design a model for managing the ethical and professional attitude of employees in government organizations. Method: The present research method is a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) research. In the qualitative part, the strategy used was the Foundationchr('39')s data theory (Grand Theory). The statistical population consisted of university professor...

Web-based collective intelligence deserves and intends to become a full discipline with its formal framework, tools, measuring instruments, practical applications, and ethical field. As of yet, little attention has been paid to study the ethical dimension of harvesting the collective intelligence via Web-based collaborative systems. The present study aims to develop an ethical framework for the...