Infantile spasms are a severe epileptic encephalopathy with a variety of etiologies that occur in infancy and early childhood. Subjects with infantile spasms are at a higher risk for evolving into intractable epileptic spasms, tending to be refractory to conventional antiepileptic drugs. Genetic polymorphisms of the P-glycoprotein-encoding gene ABCB1 are suspected to be associated with pharmaco...

Although treated properly for epilepsy, a number of epileptic children have intractable seizures and about 5-10 per cent of them do not respond to anti -epileptic drugs. In the years 1986-1996 about 10,000 epileptic patients were treated in the Children's Medical Center in Tehran. A retrospective study of their medical records revealed that 41 of them had intractable seizures. I Of these 4...

A Female Child with Corpus Callosum agenesis and infantile spasm Amna Al-Futaisi*, Faisal Al-Azri†, Anurada Ganesh**, Khoolod AlMukhaini*, R.L. Koul* and Manjusha Heera* Department of Child Health*, Department of diagnostics and molecular imaging†, and Department of Ophthalmology**. sultan Qaboos university hospital A 13 week old female child presented with history of abnormal movements in the ...

Despite proven good efficacy of pneumococcal conjugated vaccine in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease, breakthrough infections remain a noticeable problem with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in selected high-risk groups. We present a 2-year-old girl with infantile spasm, who was treated with antiepileptic drugs and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Vaccination with thre...