positivism is an empirical approach for understanding of human communication and phenomena, which raised firstly french famous thinker “august comte”. human and social sciences were under domination of positive thought for a long time. in criminal law inter alia italian famous thinkers sought to analyses the crime problem with a positive approach. however, some of their point of view such as bo...

Based on the fact that main symptom of epilepsy, seizures, depends not only state brain, but also irritability muscles, latter being - as shown by experiments animals and observations in humans depending, inter alia, activity adrenal glands, Fischer proposed epilepsy to remove surgically.

This paper discusses some operational issues regarding the design of monetary frameworks in general and inflation targets in particular. Among inflation targeters,1 these issues are well-known and manifold (see, inter alia, Yates (1995), McCallum (1995), Debelle (1997), Siklos (1997) and the country contributions in the volumes by Haldane (1995) and Leiderman and Svensson (1995)). They include:...

Electricity Real Time Pricing (RTP) tariffs inter alia have Demand Side Management (DSM) as a main aim. Customers are billed according to hourly fluctuating energy prices. Essentially RTP pricing signals can be seen as control inputs to change customer load usage. It is suggested that optimised pricing signals sent to RTP customers can lead to a much more efficient DSM initiative. This paper de...

We present a model of text analysis for text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis based on (weighted) finite-state transducers, which serves as the text-analysis module of the multilingual Bell Labs TTS system. The transducers are constructed using a lexical toolkit that allows declarative descriptions of lexicons, morphological rules, numeral-expansion rules, and phonological rules, inter alia. To date, ...

A graph is called supermagic if it admits a labeling of the edges by pairwise different consecutive integers such that the sum of the labels of the edges incident with a vertex is independent of the particular vertex. In this paper we establish some conditions for graphs with a saturated vertex to be supermagic. Inter alia we show that complete multipartite graphs K1,n,n and K1,2,...,2 are supe...

regulatory decision making in the assessment of drugs proposed as candidates for nonprescription status. They proposed, inter alia, a ‘value tree’ approach to allow the identification of drug specific attributes within common domains which apply to the benefits and risks of all nonprescription drugs. In doing so they created the components of a potential common language for the evaluation of me...