We studied refixational eye movements of a patient during the gradual resolution of an internuclear ophthalmoplegia (secondary to head trauma) in an attempt to determine the relative contributions of both medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) recovery and secondary central plastic changes. Adduction-refixational eye movements in the affected eye consisted of an initial fast (saccadic) portion fo...

Aim: To describe an unusual case presentation of INO associated with possible Lyme disease. Methods: This is a case report of a 30 year old man who presented to the emergency department complaining of right orbital pain, double vision and an inability to look to the left. He was seen by the ophthalmologist and neurologist and reported worsening symptoms of a frontal headache and difficulties in...

This report describes a 35-year-old female suffering from a cluster-tic syndrome and bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia as the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed multiple pontine hyperintense lesions. To our knowledge, there is no previous report of multiple sclerosis presenting as cluster-tic syndrome and bilateral internuclear oph...

Two cases of combined HIV-CMV encephalitis are described. One presented with a sixth nerve palsy and a tetraparesis, the other with an internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Pathologically brain stem involvement was predominantly due to CMV.

Abnormal eye movements in multiple sclerosis (MS) are often persistent and known to be associated with general disability. However, there is no precise knowledge concerning their incidence and resulting visual handicap. The aim of our study was to describe the persistent ocular motor manifestations in MS and relate them to visual functions tested with visual acuity and with a vision-related que...

A 35‐year‐old male presented to the emergency department (ED) after a traffic accident. The patient had a frontal scalp laceration, brief loss of consciousness with retrograde amnesia, headache, and dizziness. There was no evidence of ocular or periorbital trauma. Initially, brain computed tomography performed in the ED revealed no specific finding. After regaining full consciousness, the patie...