Manual annotating digital imagery of historical materials is a labor-intensive task for many historians. In this paper, we introduce the application of the ALIP (Automatic Linguistic Indexing of Pictures) system, developed at The Pennsylvania State University, to the problem of machine assisted annotation of these images. The ALIP system learns the expertise of a human annotator from a small co...

Learning to program is difficult for many students. Although several factors that affect learning to program have been identified over the years, we are still far from a full understanding of why some students learn to program easily and quickly while others flounder. Two constructs that may affect learning to program are self-efficacy and mental models. Self-efficacy is the individual’s judgme...

Executive Summary The outputs from mathematical and statistical models can be influenced by uncertainty in the estimates of the parameters used (known as parameter uncertainty) and to the methods and assumptions used to construct and link parameters in a model (known as structural uncertainty). Sensitivity analysis was applied to the current bigeye stock assessment to ascertain the influence of...

background: assessment of national children growth has shown that a high percent of country's children are afflicted to growth failure. community participation is one of the principles of phc emphasized by who that is necessary for develop­ment of health services. the objective of this study was to develop a model for mother's participation in order to improving growth and nutrition of children...

This paper explores the ways in which Wilbur and Orville Wright thought as they tackled the problem of designing and constructing a heavierthan-air craft that would fly under its own power and under their control. It argues that their use of analogy and their use of knowledge in diagnostic reasoning lies outside the scope of current psychological theories and their computer implementations. The...