At the heart of this paper are judges and their obligations to ensure that conflicts over fragmented rights cured, fundamental stewarded, justice prevails. There several respected legal theories have never been examined together before, but when three them placed in a nexus constitutional law, we find these ideas support broad powers for courts control distribution allocation rights, enabling r...

legal protection of industrial property rights is constituted as an important indicator for the development of societies. to enter into the sphere of law, there should be a legal sanction to protect the right against infringement which is also the case in the law of industrial property. regarding the main legal sanctions as a whole and the industrial property rights in particular, one can menti...

Having a clear set of basic Iranian students’ legal rights could serve as a practical guideline to commitments and responsibilities of teachers, administrators, and others dealing with education. To this end, all existing legal documents related to the topic were content analyzed. The result has been a set of fourteen principle areas which can be categorized into three subsets depending on the ...

Plant Genetic Resources (PGRs) are one of the most valuable natural resources of anycountry. Biotechnology through genetic engineering of plants and the creation of new plantvarieties can increase the value of these resources. Different technical and legalmechanisms such as ex situ/in situ collection of PGRs, and Intellectual Property Rights(IPRs...

There is a global trend toward the liberalization of abortion laws driven by women's rights, public health, and human rights advocates. This trend reflects the recognition of women's access to legal abortion services as a matter of women's rights and self-determination and an understanding of the dire public health implications of criminalizing abortion. Nonetheless, legal strategies to introdu...

shareholders of joint stock companies have several rights. the most typical categorization of shareholders' right is financial and non-financial right. every one's intention of investing in commercial companies is to make profit; hence, the most important right of shareholders is to enjoy the dividend of the company. this right is a financial one. furthermore, after dissolution of the...