The pulse forming line (PFL) can store approximately 600 joules at 100 kilovolts. Line impedance is 0.86 ohm and discharge time into a matched load is 200 nanoseconds. The coaxial line is filled with a mixture of 60% ethylene glycol and 40% water, by weight, yielding the maximum freezing point depression. The dielectric liquid is dearated, deionized and cooled to subzero temperature in order to...

Noncontact modulation calorimetry using electromagnetic heating and radiative heat loss under ultrahighvacuum conditions has been applied to levitated solid, liquid, and metastable liquid samples. This experiment requires a reduced gravity environment over an extended period of time and allows the measurement of several thermophysical properties, such as the enthalpy of fusion and crystallizati...

The time scales of crystallization of two model liquids, an atomic liquid and a molecular liquid of bent trimers originally introduced as a model of the glass the former o-terphenyl, are determined using molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular liquid is found to have a minimum crystallization time, on supercooling, that is 10(4) times larger than that of the atomic liquid. We present evid...

Linear and nonlinear dielectric measurements of liquid crystalline chiral isopentylcyanobiphenyl (5*CB) and n -pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB), combined with viscosity eta (T) data, are presented. The 5*CB compound glassifies on cooling in the cholesteric phase whereas 5CB crystallizes in the nematic phase. In both compounds the temperature evolution of dielectric relaxation times, the dc conductivit...

We report on the solidification of Au49, Ag5.5, Pd2.3, Cu26.9, Si16.3 bulk metallic glass under various strain rates. Using a copper mold casting technique with a low strain rate during solidification, this alloy is capable of forming glassy rods of at least 5 mm in diameter. Surprisingly, when the liquid alloy is splat cooled at much higher cooling rates and large strain rates, the solidified ...

Simultaneous application of colloidal processing and liquidforming additives to alumina resulted in a sintered density of >99% in 1 h at a temperature as low as 1070°C for a commercial high-purity alumina powder at a total dopant level of 2 mol%. The additives were 0.9% CuO + 0.9% TiOz + 0.1% B 2 0 3 + 0.1% MgO. At higher temperatures or after prolonged sintering, the doped alumina ceramic deve...

Semi-solid forming processes are now used for producing near net shape parts especially in the automotive and aircraft industries. Non Newtonian rheology of semisolid alloys and its dependence on the various parameters such as reheating cycle, method used to produce non-dendritic structure, thermo-shear history etc. have made the simulation of the flow behavior of semisolid material a difficult...

Dielectric spectroscopy is one of the most commonly used techniques for the investigation of the dynamic response of glass-forming materials. The tremendous slowdown of the particle motions when approaching the glass transition and especially the fast processes in glass-forming materials, which have come into the focus of scientific interest recently, make the investigation in a wide frequency ...

Plasmas with dense concentrations of reactive species such as hydrated electrons and hydroxyl radicals are generated from focusing intense femtosecond laser pulses into aqueous media. These radical species can reduce metal ions such as Au3+ to form metal nanoparticles (NPs). However, the formation of H₂O₂ by the recombination of hydroxyl radicals inhibits the reduction of Ag⁺ through back-oxida...