BACKGROUND Our objectives were to examine temporal changes in HbA1c and lipid levels over a 10-year period and to identify predictors of metabolic control in a longitudinal patient cohort. METHODS We identified all adults within our hospital network with T2DM who had HbA1c's measured in both 1996 and 2006 (longitudinal cohort). For patients with no data in 2006, we used hospital and social se...

A two-yers longitudinal study waz conducted in 1996.the data are letated to a cohort of 317 healthy neonated(164 girls and 153 boys) randomly selected in june 1996 from the city of shiraz followed from birth to two years of age.Firstly,logistic regression model and HRY (Healy-Rashash-Yang)method were used on ten selected milestones separately.secondly, we use an auto-regressive multivariate mul...

BACKGROUND Performance of the BED assay in estimating HIV-1 incidence has previously been evaluated by using longitudinal specimens from persons with incident HIV infections, but questions remain about its accuracy. We sought to assess its performance in three longitudinal cohorts from Thailand where HIV-1 CRF01_AE and subtype B' dominate the epidemic. DESIGN BED testing was conducted in two ...

There have been no standards or guidelines for the treatment of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament, especially multilevel ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. The purpose of this study was to compare results of major surgical treatment for multilevel ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. Databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, and bibliogra...

BACKGROUND We aimed to test whether childhood bullying victimization increases risk for age-related disease at mid-life using biological markers including inflammation and adiposity, independent of other childhood risk factors and key adult variables. METHOD The present study was a 50-year prospective longitudinal birth cohort study of all births in Britain in 1 week in 1958. Exposure to bull...

The aim of this study was to explore the association between parental separation during childhood (up to 18 years of age) and cardiometabolic risk factors (body mass index, fat mass index, blood pressure, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) in late adolescence using a cross-cohort comparison and to explore whether associations differ according to the age at which the parental s...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Environmental factors such as serious trauma or abuse and related stress can lead to nightmares or night terrors. Being bullied can be very distressing for children, and victims display long-term social, psychological, and health consequences. Unknown is whether being bullied by peers may increase the risk for experiencing parasomnias such as nightmares, night terrors,...

OBJECTIVES Most studies reporting evidence of adverse effects of lead and cadmium on the ability to balance have been conducted in high-exposure groups or have included adults. The effects of prenatal exposure have not been well studied, nor have the effects in children been directly studied. The aim of the study was to identify the associations of lead (in utero and in childhood) and cadmium (...

BACKGROUND Higher meat and protein intakes have been associated with increased body weight in adults, but studies evaluating body composition are scarce. Furthermore, our knowledge in adolescents is limited. This study aimed to investigate the prospective associations of intakes of different meat types, and their respective protein contents during childhood, with body composition during adolesc...