Ever-stringent environmental constraints dictate that future coal cleaning technologies be compatible with micron-size particles. For super-clean coal production, the degree of liberation needed to separate coal from mineral matter, including pyrite, requires grinding to 10 μm or below. In addition, large amounts of fine coal are discharged to refuse ponds because current coal cleaning technolo...

Solving many actual safety problems in atomic, electrotechnical, space, railway and oil industries as well as in science takes noncontact optical measurement technologies with micron resolution and productivity from 500 to 100 000 meas./s. We have developed, implemented and tested in real workshop and outside conditions some novel optical measuring systems, which are operating successfully in m...

The growing demand for high density VLSI circuits the leakage current on the oxide thickness is becoming a major challenge in deep-sub-micron CMOS technology. In deep submicron technologies, leakage power becomes a key for a low power design due to its ever increasing proportion in chip‟s total power consumption. Motivated by emerging battery-operated application on one hand and shrinking techn...

Three tools for the rapid prototyping of micron and sub-micron scale devices are presented. These tools represent methods for the manufacture of PEMS, or Printed micro Electro Mechanical Systems, and are enabled because they exploit the novel properties of nanocrystalline materials and their interactions with energetic beams. UV contact mask lithography was used to directly pattern metallic nan...

TAILORING THE GEOMETRY OF MICRON SCALE RESONATORS TO OVERCOME VISCOUS DAMPING MARGARITA VILLA Improving the quality factor of the mechanical oscillations of micron scale beams in a viscous fluid, such as water, is an open challenge of direct relevance to the development of future technologies. We study the stochastic dynamics of doubly-clamped micron scale beams in a viscous fluid driven by Bro...

Three tools for the rapid prototyping of micron and sub-micron scale devices are presented. These tools represent methods for the manufacture of PEMS, or Printed micro Electro Mechanical Systems, and are enabled because they exploit the novel properties of nanocrystalline materials and their interactions with energetic beams. UV contact mask lithography was used to directly pattern metallic nan...

The measured performance of sub-micron Si:SiGe Schottky gated HFETs is compared to Si nMOSFETs. To allow an up-to-date comparison between Si and strained-Si FETs, the different device types have been studied in their respective technologies. RF performance as given by the cut-off and maximum oscillation frequency is given as a function of input power. The evaluation highlights the current immat...

Interconnect will be a major bottleneck for deep sub-micron technologies in the years to come. This dissertation addresses the communication aspect from a power consumption and transmission speed perspective. A model for the energy consumption associated with data transmission through deep sub-micron technology buses is derived. The capacitive and inductive coupling between the bus lines as wel...

Transmission electron microscopy has been used to study the chromosomes found in the early diplotene oocytes of Xenopus laevis. Chromosomes from 40 micron early diplotene oocytes were found to possess a normal lampbrush chromosome morphology. The contour length of the loops found on these chromosomes was measured, the mean value determined and compared with that for lampbrush chromosomes found ...