abstractbackground and objective: microwave-assisted extraction (mae) is one of the novel, fast, and efficient methods for extraction of bioactive compounds. the aim of this study was optimization of mae of betalains from red beet (beta vulgaris) and evaluating antioxidant activity of its methanolic extract.materials and methods: the effects of independent variables namely, microwave power leve...

We analyze the dynamics of a continuously observed, damped, microwave-driven solid state charge qubit, consisting of a single electron in a double well potential. The microwave field induces transitions between the qubit eigenstates, which have a profound effect on the detector output current. Useful information about the qubit dynamics, such as dephasing and relaxation rates, and the Rabi freq...

The spin-transfer nano-oscillator (STNO) offers the possibility of using the transfer of spin angular momentum via spin-polarized currents to generate microwave signals. However, at present STNO microwave emission mainly relies on both large drive currents and external magnetic fields. These issues hinder the implementation of STNOs for practical applications in terms of power dissipation and s...

Development of the effective sources of ultrawideband signals is stimulated by much interest to ultrawideband communication technologies. Chaotic oscillators can play the role of such sources. In the report structure of the microwave ring oscillator capable to generate ultrawideband microwave chaotic signal with uniform power spectral density, is proposed. Its evolution from distributed element...

Nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor lasers has found many interesting applications in microwave photonics technology. In particular, a semiconductor laser under optical injection of proper strength and optical frequency detuning can enter into the dynamical period-one (P1) state through Hopf bifurcation. The resulting optical output carries a broadly tunable high-speed microwave modulation with...

From RF to microwave: With their new options, the R&S®SMB100A analog signal generators can now generate frequencies up to 20 GHz or 40 GHz. These “new” signal generators also incorporate the excellent characteristics of the proven Rohde&Schwarz RF instruments, including excellent single sideband phase noise and high output power. What makes them so special? They prove that microwave and compact...

Pulsed microwave radiation in a tuning range from 10 to 30 GHz has been generated through the parametric interaction of two near-infrared pulses in GaP crystals at low temperatures. The power of the microwave pulses (duration 30 nsec) was of the order of 1 mW. The pump pulses were generated with a Nd:YAG laser emitting simultaneously at two frequencies, within the bandwidth of the 1.064-microm ...

This paper reviews the relative merits of Si, GaAs, SiC, and GaN materials and describes how the attributes of each impact the operation of microwave transistors for the generation of high RF output power, on the order of hundreds to thousands of watts, as necessary for radars systems. It is shown that the superior physical attributes of GaN lead to microwave transistors that are extremely well...

OBJECTIVES To retrospectively collect data on patients with burn injury due to hot depilatory wax. To investigate the effect of varying microwave output power on wax temperature. To determine whether instructions provided by manufacturers allow safe domestic use. METHODS Data from the RAH burns database was collected for patients with wax-induced burns between January 1991 and January 2010. W...

In recent years, nonlinear circuit analysis techniques have been extensively investigated. One of the most important reasons is the application development of solid-state devices at microwave frequencies. Different methods have been used to analysis large signal behavior of these devices. In this paper load-pull curves (one of design requirement) are obtained using Volterra series. The main adv...