As shown in Fig. 1, LCI results with similar impact pathways (e.g. all elementary flows influencing stratospheric ozone concentrations) are grouped into impact categories at midpoint level, also called midpoint categories. A midpoint indicator characterizes the elementary flows and other environmental interventions that contribute to the same impact. The term 'midpoint' expresses the fact that ...

It is a striking fact that differential calculus exists not only in analysis (based on the real numbers R), but also in algebraic geometry, where no limit processes are available. In algebraic geometry, one rather uses the idea of nilpotent elements in the “affine line” R; they act as infinitesimals. (Recall that an element x in a ring R is called nilpotent if xk = 0 for suitable non-negative i...

The crystal structure of the bovine Rieske iron-sulfur protein indicates a sulfur atom (S-1) of the iron-sulfur cluster and the sulfur atom (Sgamma) of a cysteine residue that coordinates one of the iron atoms form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of Ser-163 and Tyr-165, respectively. We have altered the equivalent Ser-183 and Tyr-185 in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rieske iron-sulfur pr...

We address the design of time integrators for mechanical systems that are explicit in the forcing evaluations. Our starting point is the midpoint rule, either in the classical form for the vector space setting, or the Lie form for the rotation group. By introducing discrete, concentrated impulses we can approximate the forcing impressed upon the system over the time step, and thus arrive at fir...

This paper presents a review of characteristics of the two main visual servoing methods, image-based visual servoing and position-based visual servoing. First, a generic structure is defined with an emphasis on the same system inputs and outputs for the two methods. Stability, robustness, sensitivity, and other general characteristics of the methods are presented. To overcome the dependency of ...

In this paper, results of GPR experiments carried out in Nalaih, Mongolia and Yakutsk, Russia will be shown. In the measurements, target is ground water and permafrost. Especially in these regions, there are special kind of permafrost structure, which are important in the study of permafrost. In Nalaih, there is “pingo”, which is composed of several layers including permafrost in the subsurface...

From a Bayesian perspective Support Vector Machines choose the hypothesis corresponding to the largest possible hypersphere that can be inscribed in version space, i.e. in the space of all consistent hypotheses given a training set. Those boundaries of version space which are tangent to the hypersphere define the support vectors. An alternative and potentially better approach is to construct th...