Efflux mechanisms have become broadly recognized as major components of resistance to many classes of antibiotics. Some efflux pumps selectively extrude specific antibiotics, while others, referred to as multidrug resistance (MDR) pumps, expel a variety of structurally diverse compounds with differing antibacterial modes of action. There are numerous potentially beneficial consequences of the i...

We cloned a gene, abeM, for a multidrug efflux pump from Acinetobacter baumannii using Escherichia coli as the host. Sequence analysis revealed that AbeM is a member of the MATE family of pumps. AbeM was found to be an H(+)-coupled multidrug efflux pump and a unique member of the MATE family.

Background: Appearance of multi-drug resistance (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii imposes limitation on antibiotic therapy in patients. Detection of MDR A. baumannii can play a crucial role to prevent MDR strains spreading in hospitals. The aim of this study was determination the efflux pumps gene expression in tigecyclin resistance strains in collected isolates from selected training hospitals in ...

Active efflux of drugs mediated by efflux pumps that confer drug resistance is one of the mechanisms developed by bacteria to counter the adverse effects of antibiotics and chemicals. To understand these efflux mechanisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we generated knockout (KO) mutants of four efflux pumps of the pathogen belonging to different classes. We measured the MICs and kill values of ...

Multidrug efflux pumps are chromosomally encoded genetic elements capable of mediating resistance to toxic compounds in several life forms. In bacteria, these elements are involved in intrinsic and acquired resistance to antibiotics. Unlike other well-known horizontally acquired antibiotic resistance determinants, genes encoding for multidrug efflux pumps belong to the core of bacterial genomes...

BACKGROUND Efflux systems are involved in multidrug resistance in most Gram-negative non-fermentative bacteria. We have chosen Burkholderia thailandensis to dissect the development of multidrug resistance phenotypes under antibiotic pressure. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We used doxycycline selection to obtain several resistant B. thailandensis variants. The minimal inhibitory concentration...

Bacterial efflux pumps confer multidrug resistance by transporting diverse antibiotics from the cell. In Gram-negative bacteria, some of these pumps form multi-protein assemblies that span the cell envelope. Here, we report the near-atomic resolution cryoEM structures of the Escherichia coli AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump in resting and drug transport states, revealing a quaternary structural...