The gut mucosal barrier disrupted in HIV disease, resulting in increased systemic exposure to microbial products such as Lipo Polys Accharide (LPS). The association of enhanced microbial translocation and B cell dysfunction in HIV disease is not fully understood. High dose and short term exposure of microbial Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) agonists were used as vaccine adjuvants, however, low dose an...

background and objectives: nasal polyposis is a diseases resulting from complex pathogenetic mechanisms. some studies showed that tgfβ1 had significant role in this pathogenesis. in this study, we investigated the roe of cytokines and mediators in polyp development. material and methods: in this case- control study, healthy nasal mucosal samples were obtained from 24 people undergoing septoplas...

abstract facial defects not only impact on the function and quality of life but also affect the psychological well-being and social behavior of patients. a nasal prosthesis can re-establish the esthetics and anatomical contour in patients with mid-facial defects, often more effectively than surgical reconstruction. for successful results, many factors such as retention, texture, color match and...

This study represents an unusual case of mucormycosis localized in nasal cavity of a German shepherd dog. The patient was a 1-year-old male guard dog with unilateral nasal epistaxis, mucopurulent nasal discharge, sneezing and nose pawing. The dog had a history of head trauma about 2 months before admission, which was associated with mild self-limited epistaxis. Initial nasal rhinoscopy showed s...

background: nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nippv) is a non-invasive ventilatory mode, which delivers mechanical ventilation via nasal tubes or prongs. the present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of nippv and nasal continuous positive airway pressure ventilation (ncpap) in reducing the need for intubation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (rds)....

introduction: environmental fungi, molds and yeasts, can infest the nasal cavity through inhaled air. there is some evidence that they could be the main cause of chronic rhinosinusitis (crs) but little is known about the normal fungal flora in the human nose. the objective of this study was to assess the normal fungal flora of the nasal mucus in adults in kerman. materials and methods: we condu...

  Abstract:   Background: The most important and complex phenomenon of respiratory function of the nose is related to different nasal anatomy. The differences in facial anatomic structure between different races may also be reflected in nasal resistance and airflow. Caucasians has different facial anatomic structure which is the reflection of intranasal resistance or consequence of airflow. The...

Background: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) is an effective method of ventilation in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Using an appropriate nasal skin care protocol is identical to prevention or reduction of nasal skin breakdown in those who receive NCPAP. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an evidence-based clinical care protocol on nasal sk...

Introduction: There is no single test as a gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness and validity of nasal smear as a quick, easy and inexpensive diagnostic method for diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a university hospital setting. Nasal smears were taken from 39 patients wit...