Dexamethasone has been used widely in clinical specialties including anesthesia. It is regarded as one of the ideal peri-operative agent being readily available, cheap, anti-inflammatory agent, prevents and treats post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), promotes appetite, suppress inflammation, a good analgesic agent both as intravenously or as an adjuvant to peripheral nerve blocks, it prov...

We propose a new approach exploiting the failure risk (node, link or Shared Risk Link Group) structures to enhance the backup path computation. Upon failure, our approach classifies the backup paths into two categories: operative backup paths and inoperative backup paths. An operative backup path is an active backup path which really receives traffic of some affected communications while an ino...

Using a computer-based quality assurance program, we analysed peri-operative data on 160 patients undergoing one-stage bilateral hip or knee arthroplasties under regional anaesthesia with routine anaesthetic monitoring and only using peripheral intravenous access for peri-operative safety. We monitored defined intra-operative adverse events such as hypotension, myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias...

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of EX-PRESS implantation compared with trabeculectomy for uncontrolled open-angle glaucoma. METHODS Pertinent randomized controlled trials were identified through systematic searches of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. The efficacy measures utilized were the weighted mean differences (WMDs) for the intraocular pressure reduction (IOPR), the...

OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors for operative stroke and death from carotid endarterectomy. DESIGN Systematic review of all studies published since 1980 which related risk of stroke and death to various preoperative clinical and angiographic characteristics, including unpublished data on 1729 patients from the European carotid surgery trial. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Operative risk of stroke ...

Rupture of the Achilles tendon is a considerable cause of morbidity with reduced function following injury. Recent studies have shown little difference in outcome between the techniques of open and non-operative treatment using an early active rehabilitation programme. Meta-analyses have shown that non-operative management has increased risk of re-rupture whereas surgical intervention has risks...

The incidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is increasing. The patients with IHD with or without interventions coming for non-cardiac surgical procedures are also increasing. These patients have increased risk of myocardial ischaemia, myocardial infarction (MI), conduction disturbances, morbidity and mortality during the peri-operative period. The risks of these events are even higher in pat...

An evaluation of the management of patients with aneurysm of the aorta seems timely because of new and promising methods of treatment. The risks of nonoperative and operative treatment are presented from the experiences with 101 patients admitted to the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania during the years 1950 through 1955. Follow-up data indicate that the mortality of nonoperative treat...