INTRODUCTION The pharmaceutical industry in the United States spends about $15 billion per year advertising its products to the medical profession [1]. Pharmaceutical detailing, which is using sales representatives to call on physicians to promote products, accounts for about 45 percent of this spending [2]. In order to help sales representatives track sales leads, sales, service requests, and ...

The 2,11-cembranoid family of natural products has been used as inspiration for the synthesis of a structurally simplified, functionally diverse library of octahydroisobenzofuran-based compounds designed to augment a typical medicinal chemistry library screen. Ring-closing metathesis, lactonisation and SmI2 -mediated methods were exemplified and applied to the installation of a third ring to mi...

Guideline Title Non-clinical Local Tolerance Testing of Medicinal Products Legislative basis Directive 75/318/EEC as amended Date of first adoption December 1990 Date of entry into force June 1991 Status Last revised 1990 Previous titles/other references Local Tolerance Testing of Medicinal Products III/3979/88 Additional Notes This note for guidance concerns the application of part 3, section ...

Drug innovation is characterized by painstaking molecular-level syntheses and modifications as the basic components of research and development. Similarly, natural products are chemically tailored and modified based upon their structural and biological properties. To some extent, the modification of natural products is quite different from de novo structure-based drug discovery. This review des...

Molecules has started to institute a "Best Paper" award to recognize the most outstanding papers in the area of natural products, medicinal chemistry and molecular diversity published in Molecules. We are pleased to announce the second "Molecules Best Paper Award" for 2013.

BACKGROUND Computable general equilibrium models are known as a powerful instrument in economic analyses and widely have been used in order to evaluate trade liberalization effects. The purpose of this study was to provide the impacts of trade openness on pharmaceutical industry using CGE model. METHODS Using a computable general equilibrium model in this study, the effects of decrease in tar...