Business-IT alignment is complicated because of the need to align multiple business and IT points of view. A philosophical foundation can help generate methods that bring together these disparate viewpoints in a common model that all stakeholders can agree upon. In this paper, we describe the philosophical foundations of the Systemic Enterprise Architecture Methodology (SEAM) and show how it ca...

the effective and efficient understanding of the past, which is useful for present time, will transform the history into a dynamic science when it becomes an essential concern for historians. history, as a science, is the result of historian’s insights and perceptions; and philosophical hermeneutics with emphasizing on ontology of understanding and especially on importance of interpretation, ha...

radical feminism is definable as a movement in second half of twentieth century that considers patriarchy or maledomination at the root of women’s oppression. according to this idea, the problem is born within the family and non equal relations between it’s male and female members, and then from hear goes to society and politics. the radical feminists were inspired by dominant discourse of new ...

We review Evolution and the Levels of Selection by Samir Okasha. This important book provides a cohesive philosophical framework for understanding levels-of-selections problems in biology. Concerning evolutionary transitions, Okasha proposes that three stages characterize the shift from a lower level of selection to a higher one. We discuss the application of Okasha’s three-stage concept to the...