Thirty years ago, psychologist Daniel Kahneman and economists Jack Knetsch, and Richard Thaler (1986a & b) proposed that fairness matters in the marketplace. They presented evidence-based community rules of fairness that are encapsulated in the “principle of dual entitlement”; consumers are entitled to the reference transaction (e.g., price) and, similarly, the firm is entitled to its reference...

abstract the aim of this study was to selecting the suitable model for forecast land, production and price of sugar beet in iran. for this purpose, models applied to forecast are arima, single and double exponential smoothing, harmonic, artificial neural network and arch for period 1993-2008. results of durbin-watson tests, land, production and price of sugar beet series were found non stochast...

T paper investigates the effects of a limited consumer memory on the price competition between firms. It studies a specific aspect of memory—namely, the categorization of available price information that the consumers may need to recall for decision making. This paper analyzes competition between firms in a market with uninformed consumers who do not compare prices, informed consumers who compa...

Thirty years ago, psychologist Daniel Kahneman and economists Jack Knetsch, and Richard Thaler (1986a & b) showed that fairness matters in the marketplace. They presented evidence-based community rules of fairness that are encapsulated in the “principle of dual entitlement”; consumers are entitled to the reference transaction (e.g., price) and, similarly, the firm is entitled to its reference p...

Do consumers prefer auctions that allow them to place more precise bids to auctions that accept less precise bids? Can consumers accurately estimate their need for price-elicitation precision? This research addresses these questions by applying the notion of compatibility to the relationship between consumers’ bidding price uncertainty and the precision implied by the price-elicitation task. Da...

This paper shows that consumers price-shop for health care when they can easily assess out-of-pocket prices. Health care cost containment efforts increasingly incentivize price-shopping, despite recent evidence that this does not steer consumers toward lower-priced care. I show that consumers priceshop in the highly simplified price information environment of health insurance plans with tiered ...

The determination of practical and coherent policy to pin down the price in restructured distribution networks should be considered as a momentous topic. The present paper introduces a new method of distribution marginal price (DMP) calculation. The main aim of this paper is to evaluate the DMP for both producers and consumers separately. For this purpose, the first part of the procedure emphas...

I n this paper, the evaluation of the real exchange rate transfer and the asymmetric transmission of real exchange rate fluctuations to the export prices of food products for the country during the period (2001-2015) was studied using two approaches of PMG and GMM systems. The TGARCH method was used to calculate the real exchange rate fluctuation index and the Markov Switching method was u...

In many markets, consumers obtain price quotes before making purchases. This paper considers a fixed-sample size model of consumer search for price quotes when sellers must spend resources to learn the true cost of providing goods/services. It is found that (1) even with ex ante identical consumers and sellers, there is price dispersion in the equilibrium; (2) the expected equilibrium price can...