نتایج جستجو برای: proton
تعداد نتایج: 65826 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
the present study was conducted to find the effect of three heavy metals, ag, hg and pb on the expression level of a gene encoding plasma membrane h+-atpase in aeluropus littoralis. the experiment was laid out in a completely random design with three replications. the expression of the main gene was normalized to the expression of the housekeeping gene actin. two 259 and 187 bp fragments were a...
Introduction: Proton therapy is newer therapeutic method for early stage breast cancer. Proton beams release most of their energy in the Bragg peak and then will be a rapid decline in their end. When protons interact with matter, produce secondary particles like neutrons and gammas, and these unwanted radiation has no beneficial effect and also is believed to increase the risk ...
Proton therapy is a common form of external radiation therapy based on the manipulation of Bragg peak of this beam, it can treat the tumor by delivering high levels of doses to it, while protecting surrounding healthy tissues against radiation. In this work, the dose distribution of proton and secondary particles such as neutrons, photons, electrons and positrons in gastric cancer proton therap...
Poly(methyl methacrylate-co-nitrophenyl maleimide) (MMA-co-NMI) and poly(methyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyphenyl maleimide) (MMA-co-HMI) copolymers were synthesized using free radical polymerization of MMA with a new MI monomer containing phenyl and –NO2 groups. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) were prepared using these copolymers as membrane matrix and phosphotungstic acid (PWA)...
In order to find the susceptibility of the Claisen rearrangement and next proton shift reaction of ally) aryl etherto the substiment effects in pan position, the kinetic and the:rmodynamie parameters are calculated at The33 LTP level using 6-3110. b asis set. The calculated activation energies for the rearrangements and protonshift reactions are around 3133 kcaUmol and 52.16 kcal/mol, nap.. liv...
Introduction: Depth-dose distribution curve of protons in the matter has a maximum is called Bragg peak. Bragg peak of a monoenergetic proton beam is too narrow. The spread out Bragg peak should be created for full coverage of the tumor. The spread out Bragg peak is obtained in the depth of the tumor with superposition of the several Bragg peaks. The aim of this study was coverage of an eye tum...
backround laryngopharyngeal reflux (lpr) is the backflow of stomach contents above upper esophageal sphincter, into the pharynx, larynx, and upper aerodigestive system. objectives in this study, effects of omeprazole over voice quality in muscle tension dysphonia with laryngopharyngeal reflux was ınvestigated. patients and methods nine patients, 7 males and 2 females, aged between 27-43 (mean a...
Heterogeneous proton exchange membranes (PEM) are synthesized using the dry phase inversion technique. The casting solutions are prepared by dispersing a finely ground cation exchange resin particle in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solution of polyvinyl-chloride (PVC). Results show that ion exchange capacity is increased with the addition of 1 %-wt nanosilica (from 0.14 to 0.27 meq/g) while it i...
Background: In radiation therapy with ion beams, lateral distributions of absorbed dose in the tissue are important. Heavy ion therapy, such as carbon-ion therapy, is a novel technique of high-precision external radiotherapy which has advantages over proton therapy in terms of dose locality and biological effectiveness.Methods: In this study, we used Monte Carlo method-based Geant4 toolkit to s...
Background: in radiation treatment of moving targets located in thorax region of patient body, the delivered dose does not match with the planned treatment, resulting in some over and under dosage in the tumor volume, as a function of motion magnitude and frequency. Several efforts have been done to investigate the target motion effects on dose distribution in the target and surrounding normal ...
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