BACKGROUND Infraclaviculr Brachial plexus (ICBP) block is useful for upper extremity surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the ultrasound (US) technique with the nerve stimulation (NS) technique in their success rates and times to perform ICBP block. METHODS 60 patients undergoing surgery of the upper limb were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 30 per group). Group 1; US, and Gr...

BACKGROUND The forelimb amputee poses many reconstructive challenges in the clinical setting, and there is a paucity of established surgical models for study. To further elucidate the pathogenic process in amputation neuroma formation, we created a reproducible, well-tolerated rabbit forelimb amputation model. METHODS Upon approval from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, 5 New Z...

Peripheral nerve entrapment occurs at specific anatomic locations. Familiarity with the anatomy and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of nerve entrapment syndromes is important for accurate diagnosis and early treatment of entrapment neuropathies. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the normal anatomy of peripheral nerves in the upper and lower limbs and to review the MRI fea...

The brachial plexus is an ordered network of large nerves through which the sensory and motor nerve supply is distributed to all structures that constitute the upper limb. It is formed by the anterior rami of C5 to T1 spinal nerves. They unite to form the upper, middle and lower trunks. Each trunk splits into anterior and posterior divisions. All three posterior divisions merge to form the post...

Several recent reports have described the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique in the treatment of humeral shaft fractures by the anterior approach. The purpose of this study is to identify the danger zone for locking screw placement to avoid musculocutaneous nerve injury in the anterior compartment and radial nerve injury in the posterior compartment of the humerus relative...

Proprioception is one's overall sense of the relative positions and movements of the various parts of one's body. The primary somatosensory cortex (SI) is involved in generating the proprioception by receiving peripheral sensory inputs from both cutaneous and muscle afferents. In particular, area 3a receives input from muscle afferents and areas 3b and 1 from cutaneous afferents. However, segre...

Figure 1. During the exploration, large neuromas were identified to the ulnar, median, and superficial radial nerves. DESCRIPTION A 54-year-old man with through-wrist amputation of his right-dominant hand presented with chronic stump pain that was resistant to conservative treatment. Clinical examination was compatible with the presence of neuroma. Surgical exploration revealed neuromas of the ...

background lesions in peripheral nerves are highly prevalent in the upper extremity. the present study compares different tendon transfer surgeries in patients with radial nerve palsy. methods fifty patients with radial nerve palsy were randomly selected among patients who referred to tehran 15th khordad hospital during 2006-2011. they were divided into two groups of 17 and 33 subjects. single ...