The dual Rayleigh-type color match is the ratio of 621 nm light to 550 nm light that in admixture matches 586 nm light, divided by the ratio of 667 nm light to 550 nm light that in admixture matches 586 nm light. Compared to the classical Rayleigh match, the dual-match procedure minimizes variation in color matching arising from differences in lens pigmentation and photopigment optical density,...

shear-wave velocity ( ) is an important parameter used for site characterization in geotechnical engineering. however, dispersion curve inversion is challenging for most inversion methods due to its high non-linearity and mix-determined trait. in order to overcome these problems, in this study, a joint inversion strategy is proposed based on the particle swarm optimization (pso) algorithm. the ...

Rayleigh scattering from neutral hydrogen during and shortly after recombination causes the CMB anisotropies to be significantly frequency dependent at high frequencies. This may be detectable with Planck, and would be a strong signal in any future space-based CMB missions. The later peak of the Rayleigh visibility compared to Thomson scattering gives an increased large-scale CMB polarization s...

Void detection is challenging due to the complexity of near-surface materials and the limited resolution of geophysical methods. Although multichannel, high-frequency, surface-wave techniques can provide reliable shear (S)-wave velocities in different geological settings, they are not suitable for detecting voids directly based on anomalies of the S-wave velocity because of limitations on the r...

this work presents a numerical analysis of entropy generation in γ-shaped enclosure that was submitted to the natural convection process using a simple thermal lattice boltzmann method (tlbm) with the boussinesq approximation.  a 2d thermal lattice boltzmann method with 9 velocities, d2q9, is used to solve the thermal flow problem. the simulations are performed at a constant prandtl number (pr ...

Iran is a country completely dependent on fossil fuel resources. In order to obtain a diversity of energy sources, it requires other resources, especially renewable energy. Utilization of wind energy appears to be one of the most efficient ways of achieving sustainable development. The quantification of wind potential is a pivotal and essential initial step while developing strategies for the de...

Buoyancy driven heat transfer of Cu-water nanofluid in a differentially heated square cavity with an inner adiabatic square baffle at different positions is studied numerically. The left and right walls of the cavity are at temperatures of Th and Tc, respectively that Th > Tc, while the horizontal walls are insulated. The governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method while ...

In the present study, natural convective heat transfer in a partitioned square cavity utilizing nanofluids is studied. The vertical left and right walls are considered as the hot and cold walls, respectively and the partitions assumed to be adiabatic. The nanofluid used in this study is Al2O3 with the volume fraction of 20%. It is assumed that nanofluid is a single phase f...

The Rayleigh quotient of a bent function is an invariant under the action of the orthogonal group, and it measures the distance of the function to its dual. An efficient algorithm is derived that generates all bent functions of given Rayleigh quotient. The Rayleigh quotient of some bent functions obtained by primary (Maiorana McFarland, Dillon) or secondary (direct and indirect sum) constructio...

Context. Subcritical transition to turbulence in Keplerian accretion disks is still a controversial issue and some theoretical progress is required in order to determine whether or not this scenario provides a plausible explanation for the origin of angular momentum transport in non-magnetized accretion disks. Aims. Motivated by the recent discoveries of exact nonlinear steady self-sustaining s...