background: the fertility experience in iran suggests that the family planning programs had an effective role in the fertility reduction. this study aimed to specify patterns of marriage in iran and especially in a northern city of iran and to investigate the association between patterns of marriage and contraceptive use before first pregnancy and current contraceptive use. methods: in this cro...

The parental sex selection behaviour of altruistic parents without gender specific preference in a monogamous marriage market is studied. Using an OLG model with intra-household resource allocation determined by marriage market bargaining, we find that the equlibrium with a balanced male/female ratio is unstable. Depending on the effect of the marriage market sex ratio on intra-household alloca...

This paper investigates the effect of relative income on marriage. Accounting flexibly for absolute income, the ratio between a man's income and a local reference group median is a strong predictor of marital status, but only for low-income men. Relative income affects marriage even among those living with a partner. A ten percent higher reference group income is associated with a two percent r...

family as the smallest and the most fundamental structure of the society forms the basis and foundation of the society and in the meantime marriage itself can be considered as the basis and foundation of the family. considering the importance of marriage, changing and transitions and creating disorder in the process of the marriage is a social problem which may be affected both the basis of the...

between proto-industrialization or industrialization and changes in opportunities for marriage. The standard historical argument was summarized a decade ago by D. E. C. Eversley (1965:45): the ability to marry was contingent, in pre-industrial societies, upon access to land in the peasant economy; in the cities guilds &dquo;were supposed to be powerful bars to marriage.&dquo; When the system br...

Fifteen years after the term ‘ecohydrology’ came into use to describe integrative research spanning the two parent disciplines, we discuss methodological traditions of the parent disciplines and assess trends in the methodologies utilized in the young hybrid field of ecohydrology. In particular, we explore whether the marriage between the disciplines is built on a marriage of methodological str...