An R-module M is observable ii all its elements can be distinguished by observing them by means of linear morphisms from M to R. We show that free observable R-modules can be explicitly described as the cores of the nal power domains with characteristic semiring R. Then, the general theory is applied to the cases of the lower and the upper semiring. All lower modules are observable, whereas the...

The variety of power domain constructions proposed in the literature is put into a general algebraic framework. Power constructions are considered algebras on a higher level: for every ground domain, there is a power domain whose algebraic structure is speciied by means of axioms concerning the algebraic properties of the basic operations empty set, union, singleton, and extension of functions....

In this paper, we describe three distinct monoids over domains, each with a commutative analog, the latter of which define bag domain monoids. Our results were inspired by work by Varacca (Varacca 2003), and they lead to a constructive approach to his Hoare indexed valuations over a continuous poset P . We use our constructive approach to describe an analog of the probabilistic power domain and...

Introduction: Efficiency evaluation of universities and facultiesis one of the tools that help managers to identify the departments’strengths and weakness. The main objective of the presentresearch was to measure and compare the technical efficiency ofShiraz school of medicine departments using Data EnvelopmentAnalysis (DEA) technique.Methods: This cross-sectional and retrospective study wasper...

Monoclonal antibodies are now established as key therapeutics for a range of diseases including cancer and auto-immunity. However, despite important improvements, these molecules still face several serious limitations including production costs and tumor penetration. A new class of antibody fragments, made of a single immunoglobulin domain, is emerging as an exciting alternative. This review de...

background: protein-protein interactions do not provide any direct information re­garding the domains within the proteins that mediate the interactions. the majority of proteins are multi domain proteins and the interaction between them is often defined by the pairs of their domains. most of the former studies focus only on interacting do­main pairs. however they do not consider the interaction...