Programmable Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have become widespread. They now support floating-point computations and general programming models. A shading language is a domain-specific programming language for specifying shading computations. In this section of the course notes, we will review several high-level real-time shading languages for programming modern GPUs. These languages have evo...

In many parts of Iran high light intensities during summer can induce stress in cut flower production under open field and greenhouse conditions. Despite roses prefer sunny places for optimum growth, but in practice some levels of rough shading is applied in greenhouse production to improve the quality of cut flowers. So, it is useful to find the light intensities under which different rose cul...

We investigated whether specular highlights facilitate the perception of shape from shading in a search paradigm and how highlights interact with shading to facilitate this perception. Our results indicated that stimuli containing highlights led to shorter searching time with the dependence on the light source direction (top lights make searching faster), suggesting that highlights indeed facil...

There are many kinds of façade shading designs which provide optimal indoor daylighting conditions. Thus, considering combinations of different types of façade shading systems is an essential aspect in the optimization of daylighting in the building design process. This study explores (1) how the pattern and different characteristics are evaluated by varying façade shading types and considering...

The software currently available for analytical relief shading does not generally permit local adaptations of the light direction, the simulation of aerial perspective, and other necessary techniques developed for manual relief shading. To remedy this deficiency, a program for computer-assisted relief shading has been developed that allows users to locally adapt shading characteristics, permitt...

To investigate the energy performance of solar shading devices, this paper carried out a survey on the current status of solar shading utilization in buildings in Ningbo and performed building simulations to evaluate the energy savings potential by adopting different solar shading devices. Results show that solar shading utilization in this area is not popular and effective, and should be consi...

A challenge in vector graphics is to define primitives that offer flexible manipulation of colour gradients. We propose a new primitive, called a shading curve, that supports explicit and local gradient control. This is achieved by associating shading profiles to each side of the curve. These shading profiles, which can be manually manipulated, represent the colour gradient out from their assoc...

An image is composed by several intrinsic images including the reflectance and the shading. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to infer the shading image from shading orders between pairs of pixels. The pairwise shading orders are measured by two types of methods: the brightness order and the low-order fittings of local shading field. The brightness order is a non-local measure, which d...

When rendering effects such as motion blur and defocus blur, shading can become very expensive if done in a naïve way, i.e. shading each visibility sample. To improve performance, previous work often decouple shading from visibility sampling using shader caching algorithms. We present a novel technique for reusing shading in a stochastic rasterizer. Shading is computed hierarchically and sparse...