The NSF-funded Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program has committed itself to examining the linkages between ecosystems and human society, particularly through ecosystem services: naturally-occurring processes and provisions that benefit humankind. Natural scientists have pointed to ecosystem services valuation as being a key tool for drawing societal attention to natural capital, and, in...

Abstract This study investigates the competitiveness of various autonomous ship categories for container shipping in Arctic route. We propose a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework using four as alternatives and eight criteria evaluation. analyse collected data Best–Worst Method (BWM), one recently developed MCDM methods. The findings reveal that operating expenses, navigation aspect...

Abstract Due to the complex environmental conditions of inland ports, it is great significance adopt associated protection ensure safe and reliable operation shore-to-ship power supply system. To accurately simulate operating system, simulation model ship system established completely. According characteristics port, shore-based designed established. Based on a low voltage meet its requirements...

Abstract The existence of groynes can affect the morphology seashore. Groynes are structures that mainly built to prevent erosion and enable sediment transport forming accretion on shore. In long term, will cause a change in coastline. This paper aims observe how coastline due installment groyne curves were simulated by using mathematical modeling. equation which was derived from continuity sol...