The purpose of this study paper is to examine the potential for increasing efficiency solar water heaters by using novel design ideas. A qualitative examination previously published material combined with development a computer-aided (CAD) model heater SolidWorks as part research project, which uses mixed-methods approach. draws attention relevance factors, materials, and combinations in optimi...

Solar heating is one of the important utilities of solar energy both in domestic and industrial sectors. Evacuated tube heaters are a commonly used technology for domestic water heating. However, increasing cost of copper and nickel has resulted in huge initial cost for these types of heaters. Utilizing solar energy more economically for domestic use requires new concept which has low initial a...

Abstract In this review, flat plate and concentrate-type solar collectors, integrated collector–storage systems, water heaters combined with photovoltaic–thermal modules, solar-assisted heat pump heaters, using phase change materials are studied based on their thermal performance, cost, energy, exergy efficiencies. The maximum temperature efficiencies enlisted to evaluate the performance of dif...

South Africa is the most technologically advanced nation in Africa. However, country plagued with constant load shedding. The receives about 2500 sunshine hours annually, daily average irradiation levels of 4.5–6.5 kWh/m2. Despite these potentials, use electricity for domestic water heating still prevalent country. mass rollout solar (SWH) technologies low-cost housing sector across were met ma...