A method is proposed to handle crop succession requirements when determining the cultivated areas of n crops for a planning period of T years. For each year, the decision variables represent the areas where a sequence of m crops is cultivated, m ≥ 1. Here, m + 1 is the length of the longest forbidden sequence of crops not containing any forbidden subsequences. The crop succession constraints ar...

Species diversity commonly increases with succession and this relationship is an important justification for conserving large areas of old-growth habitats. However, species with different ecological roles respond differently to succession. We examined the relationship between a range of diversity measures and time since disturbance for boreal forest beetles collected over a 285 year forest chro...