the purpose of this study was the introduction of seed accumulation index as a new approach in the evaluation of soil seed bank consistency in the populus caspica in noor reserved forest park. sampling were made above ground vegetation at peak vegetation cover during june 2010 by systematic- selective method. soil samples were collected during late june, late november and early february by hamm...

persistence of benthiocarb in soil as affected by uv and sunlight exposure was studied. treated soil was placed in petri plate, brought to field capacity moisture and then exposed to uv and sunlight. residues of benthiocarb in soil dissipated with half lives of 2.10, 11.85 and 43.63 days under uv, sunlight and dark condition, respectively. soil samples kept under dark showed the slowest dissipa...

background: laps is one of the challenges in the treatment of opioid dependency that cause relapse. the purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of behavioral group therapy and cognitive-behavioral group therapy on the laps rate and persistence in the treatment of patients with opioid dependency under the treatment of mmt. methods: in a quasi-experimental study, 66 patients were...

Objective(s) Primary or adult type hypolactasia, the most common enzyme deficiency in the world, is due to reduced lactase activity in the intestinal cell after weaning. Lactase non-persistence is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. A DNA variant, single nucleotide polymorphism C/T−13910 which is located on 13910 base pairs (bp) upstream of the lactase gene (LCT) at chromosome 2 has been...

Macroeconomic variables exhibit inertia. On the face of it, such inertia sits uncomfortably with the behavior of rational, forward-looking agents who form expectations on the basis of the best information available at the time. Christopher Sims (2003, sect. 8) offers a three-fold taxonomy of attempts to rationalize inertia. The first is the idea of Robert Lucas (1973) and Edmund Phelps (1970) t...

Let  $R$ be a commutative Noetherian ring and $I$ be an ideal of $R$. We say that $I$ satisfies the persistence property if  $mathrm{Ass}_R(R/I^k)subseteq mathrm{Ass}_R(R/I^{k+1})$ for all positive integers $kgeq 1$, which $mathrm{Ass}_R(R/I)$ denotes the set of associated prime ideals of $I$. In this paper, we introduce a class of square-free monomial ideals in the polynomial ring  $R=K[x_1,ld...

Problem solving requires the use of higher mental functions, functions that can be improved with training (Brown, Ryan, & Creswell, 2007). The current study examines the effects of meditation on creative problem solving. Participants were undergraduate students (n = 81) who were randomly assigned to meditate or rest. Next, Pp were asked to solve a problem: fishing out a small object from inside...

background: neck and shoulder pains are the prevalent complaints among computer office workers. the purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of somatization tendency, expectation of pain, mental health and beliefs about causation of pain with persistence of neck/shoulder pains among computer office workers. methods: this research is a kind of prospective cohort study with 1‑year fol...

 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its sequelae which include cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is a major public health problem throught the world.The WHO strategy for effective control of HBV infection is vaccination with the surface antigen of virus(HBsAg).The results obtained from a large number of studies demonstrated that the vaccine induces a protective antibody resonse (anti-HB...