There is a growing need for abstractions in logic specification languages such as FO(·) and ASP. One technique to achieve these abstractions are templates (sometimes called macros). While the semantics of templates are virtually always described through a syntactical rewriting scheme, we present an alternative view on templates as second order definitions. To extend the existing definition cons...

We construct a minimal rK-degree, continuum many, in fact. We also show that every minimal sequence, that is, a sequence with minimal rK-degree, must have very low descriptional complexity, that every minimal sequence is rK-reducible to a random sequence, and that there is a random sequence with no minimal sequence rK-reducible to it.

While the incidence rates for skin melanoma have increased worldwide in the last decades, Breslow tumor thickness has decreased1. The incidence of in situ melanoma has also increased, and it doubled in the USA between 1988 and 20062. These recent trends are in part due to the diffusion of early diagnosis1,2, which is based on the assumption that the detection of less invasive lesions (i.e., tho...

OBJECTIVE To report 10 cases of rectus abdominis endometrioma, emphasizing the clinical presentations, imaging investigations, cytohistological findings, and surgical treatment employed. METHODS This is a descriptive analysis of 10 surgically-proven cases of rectus abdominis muscle endometriosis, seen over a 5-year period from 2007 to 2012 at Sohag University Hospital, Sohag, Egypt and Najran...

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