This paper is about constructing sharable linguistic information to be used across languages for a Text-to-Speech (TTS) system. The data is obtained from existing resources. The focus of the paper is the phonetic and linguistic aspects. A monolingual TTS architecture is introduced with descriptions on each stage of processing. A multilingual TTS architecture is also introduced. Language depende...

Two experiments are reported that constitute new methods for evaluation of text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis from the user’s perspective. Experiment 1, using sentence stimuli, and Experiment 2, using discrete word stimuli, investigate the effect of voice gender and signal quality on the intelligibility of three TTS synthesis systems from the user’s point of view. Accuracy scores and reaction time ...

The intelligibility of HMM-based TTS can reach that of the original speech. However, HMM-based TTS is far from natural. On the contrary, unit selection TTS is the most-natural sounding TTS currently. However, its intelligibility and naturalness on segmental duration and timing are not stable. Additionally, unit selection needs to store a huge amount of data for concatenation. Recently, hybrid a...

To the Editor: The interesting case report of Lee et al. published in the December 2013 issue of the Journal, of a 43-year-old woman who suffered inverted takotsubo syndrome (TTS) (left ventricular apical hyperkinesis with midventricular and basal hypokinesis/akinesis) in the setting of complicating pulmonary embolism (PE), following surgery for a malleolar fracture, managed surgically under sp...

A new strategy to package "problematic" transgenes in adenovirus was developed that was based on modifications of the tetracycline-inducible system. This strategy used two components: the adenoviral genome containing the transgene under control of a hybrid TRE promoter/SV40 enhancer and a trans-encoded tTS suppressor Using luciferase reporters, expression of tTS in 293A cells reduced transcript...

We propose three enhancements to the treeto-string (TTS) transducer for machine translation: first-level expansion-based normalization for TTS templates, a syntactic alignment framework integrating the insertion of unaligned target words, and subtree-based ngram model addressing the tree decomposition probability. Empirical results show that these methods improve the performance of a TTS transd...

As the Internet grows in scale almost every year, security measures are expected to become all the more important on the Internet. A time-stamping authority (TSA) is a trusted authority which provides a proof that a datum existed before a particular time. In this research, we designed and implemented a RFC3161-compliant trusted time-stamping service (TTS) over the Internet. Software for the TTS...

In a process known as quorum sensing, bacteria communicate with one another by producing, releasing, detecting, and responding to signal molecules called autoinducers. Vibrio harveyi, a marine pathogen, uses two parallel quorum-sensing circuits, each consisting of an autoinducer-sensor pair, to control the expression of genes required for bioluminescence and a number of other target genes. Gene...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To determine the effect of repeated reprocessing of pediatric tracheostomy tubes (TTs) on biofilm formation. STUDY DESIGN In vitro microbiological study. METHODS Pediatric, uncuffed, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) TTs from two different manufacturers (Tracoe Mini and Shiley) were reprocessed mechanically with household detergent and soaked in sodium hypochlorite (bleach). Tw...