BACKGROUND Ultraviolet lighting is an alternative to laminar airflow in the operating room that may be as effective for lowering the number of environmental bacteria and possibly lowering infection rates by killing the bacteria rather than simply reducing the number at the operative site. The purpose of the present study was to compare the infection rates following joint replacement procedures ...

The radiation emitted by the sun known as ultraviolet radiation is related to several problems that might affect the human being. Most of times, people are well warned about the effects caused to the skin by the solar radiation overexposure but not about the effects to their eyes. This work aims at developing a real time ultraviolet (UV) index meter and a series of information systems that can ...

background: wearing spectacles is the most common approach in correcting the refractive errors worldwide. due to harmful effects of overexposure to solar ultraviolet radiations, the usage of multi-layer coatings in ophthalmic lenses has recently been increased. these lenses can reduce the reflections and hence increase the transmission of visible light; they can also decrease the transmission o...

Irradiation with intense ultraviolet laser pulses induced a large refractive-index change in 30GeO2-70SiO2 waveguide-grade thin films prepared by the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method, which contained a large amount of photoactive Ge2+ defects. The maximum index change in the as-deposited films by KrF and XeF excimer laser irradiation was estimated to be 1.2 x 10(-3) and 0.28 x 1...

Coherent radiation from undulator beamlines has been used to directly measure the real and imaginary parts of the index of refraction of several materials at both extreme-ultraviolet and soft-x-ray wavelengths. Using the XOR interferometer, we measure the refractive indices of silicon and ruthenium, essential materials for extreme-ultraviolet lithography. Both materials are tested at wavelength...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether ultraviolet B phototherapy at home is equally safe and equally effective as ultraviolet B phototherapy in an outpatient setting for patients with psoriasis. DESIGN Pragmatic multicentre single blind randomised clinical trial (PLUTO study). SETTING Dermatology departments of 14 hospitals in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS 196 patients with psoriasis who were cl...

The Tropospheric Ultraviolet-Visible (TUV) model, version 4.2 developed by Madronich (2003) was used to estimate the extent of ultraviolet (UV) exposure of general population in Croatia over the summer. Solar noon values (13 h local time, CEST) of the ultraviolet index (UVI) for the period April to October 2004 were calculated for 61 cities in Croatia. The results showed that the risk of sunbur...