In birds and other vertebrates, most acoustic signals are produced pneumatically by moving air through a vocal apparatus. Here we describe a unique mechanism used to produce a tonal acoustic signal in vertebrates. Video recordings of the courtship displays of male Club-winged Manakins, Machaeropterus deliciosus, reveal that males produce sustained harmonic tones through interactions among oscil...

We present single-dish Lovell telescope H i observations of a sample of 67 emission-line and UV-excess galaxies, of which 52 are taken from the University of Michigan (UM) catalogue. In addition, H i observations of 24 gas-rich irregular galaxies are presented. We find that emission-line galaxies are H i–rich with a median H i mass to blue luminosity ratio MHI /LB of ∼ 0.45 M /L . Within the UM...

Club foot was diagnosed by ultrasonography in 91 feet (52 fetuses) at a mean gestational age of 22.1 weeks (14 to 35.6). Outcome was obtained by chart review in 26 women or telephone interview in 26. Feet were classified as normal, positional deformity, isolated club foot or complex club foot. At initial diagnosis, 69 feet (40 fetuses) were classified as isolated club foot and 22 feet (12 fetus...

The rich-club concept has been introduced in order to characterize the presence of a cohort of nodes with a large number of links (rich nodes) that tend to be well connected between each other, creating a tight group (club). Rich-clubness defines the extent to which a network displays a topological organization characterized by the presence of a node rich-club. It is crucial for the investigati...

Club drug use is common among populations with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and populations at high risk for HIV infection. Club drugs have a myriad of acute and chronic medical consequences. Club drug-related visits to the emergency department and admissions for treatment of substance use have increased dramatically over the past 15 years. Most epidemiological data support the role of cl...

Background. The brand equity is raised as one key subject in founding the value creation for the brand. Nowadays, the sports managers are searching for creating a very powerful brand and favorable for their own organizations obtaining one long term and highlighting the consumers’ athletic experiences and the continuous relationship with them. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to focus ...

OBJECTIVE The present report is the eighth in a series of sequential tutorials entitled "Tutorials in Clinical Research." The objective of the report is to provide the reader with information to create or refine a journal club. STUDY DESIGN Tutorial. METHODS The authors met weekly for 3 months and discussed the features of a journal club that would be of interest to otolaryngologists. A Med...

congenital radial club hand is an intercalary or terminal deficiency characterized by radial deviation of the hand, marked shortening of the forearm, and generalized underdevelopment of the extremity. we performed centralization of the ulna in 12 forearms of 10 patients with severe congenital radial club hands. the mean follow up was 42 months after operation (24 to 68 months). the mean age at ...

Macroscopic brain networks have been shown to display several properties of an efficient communication architecture. In light of global communication, the formation of a densely connected neural "rich club" of hubs is of particular interest, because brain hubs have been suggested to play a key role in enabling short communication pathways within neural networks. Here, analyzing the cat connecto...