BACKGROUND Traffic noise is a highly relevant environmental impact in cities. Models to estimate traffic noise, in turn, can be useful tools to guide mitigation measures. In this paper, the applicability of models to estimate noise levels produced by a continuous flow of vehicles on urban roads is investigated. The aim is to identify which models are more appropriate to estimate traffic noise i...

1 OCCLUSION FUNCTION To evaluate o(Li(xc,yc)), we leverage the vector data we downloaded from the OSM database and render all containing roads into a grayscale image buffer B whose extent is chosen according to the map area of the cell domain and whose resolution is chosen to resemble the resolution of the output device. Since roads are encoded in the OSM as simple polylines, for simplicity rea...

In recent years, many approaches have been exploited for automatic road extraction. Most of these approaches are based on edge detection algorithms. In this paper, a new object-based approach for automatic extraction of main roads in large scale imagemaps is proposed. The gray-scale imagemap is converted to a simplified imagemap using Gray scale Morphological Algorithms (GMA). At this point, th...

Due to emergence of serious obstacles by scaling of the transistors dimensions, it has been obviously proved that silicon technology should be replaced by a new one having a high ability to overcome the barriers of scaling to nanometer regime. Among various candidates, carbon nanotube (CNT) field effect transistors are introduced as the most promising devices for substituting the silicon-based ...

This paper formulates a continuous model of a grid road network for determining the optimal hierarchical system of road networks. The hierarchical system is represented as the proportions of area taken up by roads at each level of the hierarchy. The objective is to derive the optimal ratio of road areas that minimizes the total travel time. The model explicitly takes into account inward, outwar...

abstract: in this study, al 2 o 3 /eg and tio 2 /eg nanofluids as coolants have been used in the double-tube heat exchanger. the hot solvent inlet heat exchanger must be cooled down with a specified amount. we can use nanofluids as coolants in the heat exchanger for optimization of the heat transfer area. therefore, the efficacy of nanofluids as coolants is verified. furthermore, flow rate of c...

Abstract Precast slab parameters are important factors affecting the mechanical performance and service life of precast-slab-fabricated recyclable roads. To clarify force mechanism roads provide a basis for selecting parameters, field test road fabricated using large-scale precast was conducted in this study. The horizontal vertical stresses on top bottom surfaces determined. stress-time histor...