the effect of different levels of osmolality and ph of lactose extender on the viability of bactrian camelspermatozoa was investigated. semen was collected from 10 bactrian camel bulls using modified bovineartificial vagina. in experiment i, the extenders consisted of 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13% lactose with respectiveosmolalities of 290, 333, 350, 376 and 419 mosm/kg and the ph of 6.9. in experiment...

Artificial insemination (AI) using fresh diluted semen is used worldwide in the porcine industry. Viability of spermatozoa in diluted semen depends on several factors, such as the interaction with the type of extender and storage duration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of extenders and storage time on the motility and ultrastructure of cooled-preserved boar spermatozoa. Seme...

There are still concerns over sperm quality when plant-based diluents used instead of animal-based semen extenders. Therefore, in our study we compared the effects one soybean lecithin-based (AndroMed®) and two egg yolk-based (BullXcell® Optidyl®) commercially available extenders on post-thaw vitro quality. Fifty ejaculates collected from ten bulls were aliquoted into three parts diluted with a...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of in vitro supplementation of selenium on fresh and frozen spermatozoa quality of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) bulls. five healthy buffalo bulls (5 ejaculates from each bull) were used. each ejaculate was diluted at 37 ˚c with tris-based extender containing 0 (control), 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 μg ml-1 sodium selenite and the sperm motility and...

Eukaryotic cell membranes are organized into functional lipid and protein domains, the most widely studied being membrane rafts. Although rafts have been associated with numerous plasma membrane functions, the mechanisms by which these domains themselves are regulated remain undefined. Bile acids (BAs), whose primary function is the solubilization of dietary lipids for digestion and absorption,...

BACKGROUND Cryopreservation of semen requires optimized conditions to minimize the harmful effects of various stresses. The main approach for protection of sperm against stress is based on the use of antioxidants and cryoprotectants, which are described as defensive methods. Recently, the application of controlled mild stressors has been de- scribed for activation of a temporary response in ooc...

Obeticholic acid (OCA) is a semisynthetic bile acid (BA) analog and potent farnesoid X receptor agonist approved to treat cholestasis. We evaluated the biodistribution and metabolism of OCA administered to carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic rats. This was to ascertain if plasma and hepatic concentrations of OCA are potentially more harmful than those of endogenous BAs. After administration ...