Background: The adjuvanticity potential of Lactobacillus casei was first suggested in an old survey. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of a new immunotherapy against breast cancer made by mixing an extract of heated 4T1 mammary carcinoma cell line and a heat-killed preparation of Lactobacillus casei.Methods: Female BALB/c mice (6–8 weeks old, n=40) were challenged subcu...

iNKT cells are CD1d-restricted T cells that are rapidly activated in response to antigen and play a key role in promoting adaptive anti-tumor immunity. Surprisingly, we found that mice bearing 4T1 breast cancer CD8+ T cells inhibited spontaneous metastases in the absence of iNKT cells, suggesting that iNKT cells were suppressing the onset of CD8 + anti-tumor T cell responses. iNKT-deficient (iN...

Background: The novel gene HA117 is a multidrug resistance (MDR) gene expressed by all-trans retinoic acid-resistant HL-60 cells. In the present study, we compared the multidrug resistance of the HA117 with that of the classical multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) in breast cancer cell line 4T1. Methods: Transduction of the breast cancer cell line 4T1 with adenoviral vectors encoding the HA117 g...

The use of bacteriophages to select novel ligands has been widely explored for cancer therapy. Their application is most warranted in cancer subtypes lacking knowledge on how to target the cancer cells in question, such as the triple negative breast cancer, eventually leading to the development of alternative nanomedicines for cancer therapeutics. Therefore, the following study aimed to select ...

Advanced tumors produce an excessive amount of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), which promotes tumor progression at late stages of malignancy. The purpose of this study was to develop anti-TGFβ therapeutics for cancer. We synthesized a novel small-molecule TGFβ receptor I kinase (activin receptor-like kinase 5) inhibitor termed N-[[4-([1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-yl)-5-(6-methylpyridin-2...

Solid tumors can generate a plethora of neurogenesis-related molecules that enhance their growth and metastasis. Among them, we have identified axonal guidance molecule Semaphorin 7A (SEMA7A) in breast cancer. The goal of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of suppressing SEMA7A levels in the 4T1 murine model of advanced breast carcinoma. We used anti-SEMA7A short hairpin RNA (sh...

Purpose Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) promotes cell survival by endorsing DNA damage repair and mediates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Thus, TGFβ activation in response to radiation therapy is potentially targetable because it opposes therapeutic control. Strategies assess this potential the clinic are needed. Methods Materials We evaluated positron emission tomography (PET...

PURPOSE We compared the metabolic profiles and the association between LDH-A expression and lactate production in two isogenic murine breast cancer cell lines and tumors (67NR and 4T1). These cell lines were derived from a single mammary tumor and have different growth and metabolic phenotypes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN LDH-A expression, lactate concentration, glucose utilization, and oxygen consum...