UNLABELLED Neurokinin-1-expressing neurones in lamina I to III of the spinal cord are intimately involved in the regulation of ascending and spino-bulbal pathways that regulate excitatory transmission. In experimental animals, ablation of these neurones reduces the responses to a variety of nociceptive stimuli. Furthermore, in animals, spinal application of the selective 5HT3 receptor antagonis...

Introduction: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) may disturb renin-angiotensin system components. In this study, the effects of Mas receptor (A779) and AT2 receptor (PD123319) antagonists were examined in RIR rats. Methods: Total 60 male and female Wistar rats were assigned into 10 groups (n=6 in each group), including sham-operated group, RIR groups treated with the vehicle, A779, PD123319, ...

P50 auditory sensory gating is impaired in schizophrenic patients. A schizophrenic patient does not show a decrease in the amplitude of the P50 waveform of the auditory evoked potential to the second of two closely paired click stimuli. In contrast, a normal control has a greatly decreased amplitude of the P50 waveform to the second stimulus. Expressed as a percentage (amplitude to the 2 stimul...

Vortioxetine is an antidepressant with multiple pharmacologic modes of action at targets where serotonin neurons connect with other neurons. 5HT3 receptor antagonism is one of these actions, and this leads to increased release of norepinephrine (NE), acetylcholine (ACh), and serotonin (5HT) within various brain circuits.

neuroleptic malignant syndrome (nms) is a rare fatal medical complication that occurs as a result of dopaminergic receptor blockage in the caudate at the termination of the nigrostriatal pathways (1), and may occur at any time following consumption of dopamine antagonists. this disorder also occurs in cases of sudden discontinuation of dopamine agonists and antagonists (2,3). some studies have ...

Quantum chemical (MNDo)caleulations have beenused toelucidate the molecular properties and structure - activity relationships of dihydropyridine (DHP) type calcium antagonists. There is a good corielation between the net atomic charges on various atoms of the 4 - phenyl ring of dihydropyridines and pharmacological activity. .Also, activity decreases with increasing free rotation of the phen...

in this study, the influence of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists on antinociception induced by bac10fen has been examined in the formalin test. the gaba-b agonist bac10fen induced antinociception in both phases of the formalin test in mice. the dopamine receptor agonists skf 38393 and quinpirole also induced antinociception in both phases of the test. skf 38393 but not quinpirole pote...

  In this study, we investigated the effect of nicotinic receptor agonists and antagonists on the analgesic response to morphine in the formalin test. In experiments conducted in mice, nicotine produced an early dose-dependent analgesic effect. At a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, mecamylamine, a nicotinic receptor inhibitor, suppressed the analgesic effect induced by 0.1 mg/kg nicotine in both stages of th...

Ondansetron is a serotonin (5HT3) receptor antagonist used for the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea vomiting. It available in many dosage forms market. Various analytical methods determination have been studied this review article such as UV spectroscopy, mass high-performance liquid chromatography, thin layer new electrospray ionization spectrometry etc. human plasma can be est...

See "Ondansetron pretreatment reduces pain on injection of propofol" by Zahedi H, Maleki A, Rostami G on pages 239-243 (1). 5-HT3 receptors occur on various components of the pain modulation system. Expressed on peripheral nerve endings and autonomic afferents as well as in the monoaminergic descending inhibitory system and certain brain regions, 5-HT3 receptors play an indispensable role in sp...