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A cotransformation system using somatic embryos was developed to produce grapevines free of selectable marker genes. This was achieved by transforming Vitis vinifera L. "Thompson Seedless" somatic embryos with a mixture of two Agrobacterium strains. The first strain contained a binary plasmid with an egfp gene of interest between the T-DNA borders. The second strain harbored the neomycin phosph...

seedless grapes are widely grown all over the world. embryo rescue technique proved to be able to overcome the problem of embryo abortion in seedless grape breeding program. since, the efficiency of this technique is not desirable, so a lot of efforts have been done in different directions in order to improve this technique. this study was conducted in two separate experiments in which chlormeq...

Abstract The lack of winter cold is a severe limitation for the cultivation grapevines ( Vitis vinifera L) in areas with warm climates. This phenomenon currently becoming quite important due to global warming, which will increase temperatures many temperate regions planet where are cultivated. Although various physical and chemical stimuli have been used address grapevine cultivation, quantitat...

Abstract The supply of water to a plant canopy is dependent on the xylem pathway connecting roots leaves. In some plants, sectored pathways can restrict resource distribution, resulting in variable quality organs shoots, yet little known about effects sectoring crop cultivars. this study, we combined sap flow measurements and infusion xylem-specific dyes document functional conductive area from...