We performed a case study of the design of a house to investigate the underlying reference systems of design transformation. In the collection of sketches we examined we found that the type of drawing could often be identified by a combination of drawing style, projection type, and key elements found in the drawing. Our study presents the collection of design drawings made by the architect, and...

Visual methodologies are becoming more evident in social research. These methodologies encompass media such as film, video, still photography, electronic visual media, and material artifacts. In this article, the author examines the use of drawings as a research tool used as an adjunct to other social research methods. Using examples from two studies, she illustrates how drawings can be used to...

background: there is an upward trend for parents to resort to assisted reproductive technology (art) treatment due to delayed childbirth or birth difficulties. objective: this study investigates the pregnancy health and birth outcomes of women who underwent art and analyzes the factors that influence birth weight to become<10 percentile when undergoing art. materials and methods: this study ana...

Background: In many countries, 1% to 3% of newborn infants are conceived by Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART). Despite the success of ART, there is concern about the risk of congenital malformations among these infants. We report our experience to determine whether use of ART is associated with an increase in major congenital malformations or adverse pregnancy outcomes Materials and Method...

A project to assess the levels of leakage in 30 water utilities throughout South Africa was initiated by the Water Research Commission. The BENCHLEAK software was used to evaluate the water utilities and performance indicators calculated by the model were used to compare levels of non-revenue water. Results showed that utilities ranked differently according to the different indicators, and that...

There has in recent years been a big development in art therapy. It has been confined mostly to painting and modelling but reports are published of experiments in helping the mentally unbalanced also through music, dancing, speech, drama and mime. The emphasis in these forms is usually upon the act of artistic creation. To put the principle in the simplest most general form, it is that by getti...

Current views of semantic memory share the assumption that conceptual representations are based on multimodal experience, which activates distinct modality-specific brain regions. This proposition is widely accepted, yet little is known about how each modality contributes to conceptual knowledge and how the structure of this contribution varies across these multiple information sources. We used...

In two experiments during the study phase participants read unrelated context-target word pairs presented below a line drawing of the context word. During test the strong cue group was presented with context words, line drawings, and stems of target words. The line drawings were not presented in the weak cue group. Stems were paired with the same context words as at study (intact), paired with ...