This study examines the effects of rule law on carbon-dioxide emissions using a large sample countries for over century. In principle, turning point Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is compared range lying between autocracy and democracy. Using decadal data 220 years (1790-2010) 150 countries, we use country fixed estimation technique to quantify absolute interactive autocracy-democracy index ...

This research note contributes to the emerging debate on consequences of COVID-19 pandemic for democracy, autocracy and regime change. Following a review literature short-term impact citizen freedoms, I conduct preliminary test showing that has widened freedom divide between democracy autocracy. propose prudential interpretation this new finding its implications medium- long-term change dynamic...

How do domestic political institutions affect the outcomes of international trade negotiations? Specifically, are the aggregate trade barriers agreed upon by a democratic pair lower than those by a pair composed of a democracy and an autocracy? I revisit these important questions by highlighting some problematic aspect of the analysis by Mansfield, Milner, and Rosendorff (2000). Contrary to the...

In this paper, we address the question of whether official development assistance promotes gender equality in the Middle East and North Africa region by examining the effects of aid to Women’s Equality Organizations and Institutions on women’s political empowerment, measured by the proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments. We use panel data (covering the period 2002-10) from 13...

This paper adopts a view of organizations as complex adaptive systems and makes a case for making organizations more complex internally through the use of a fairly simple managerial rule—using participative decision making. Participation in decision making enhances connectivity in organizations, which in turn, gives the organization the opportunity to self-organize and co-evolve in more effecti...