Leptospirosis is considered one of the most important zoonosis worldwide. The activation of the Complement System is important to control dissemination of several pathogens in the host. Only a few studies have employed murine models to investigate leptospiral infection and our aim in this work was to investigate the role of murine C5 during in vivo infection, comparing wild type C57BL/6 (B6 C5+...

Pretreatment of biomass is one the most challenging steps in process second-generation (2G) ethanol and biochemical production. Dilute acid pretreatment a widely adapted convenient method to recover pentose (C5) as well hexose (C6) sugars due its featured solubilization hemicellulose cellulose before after enzymatic saccharification, respectively. In present study, dilute sulfuric (H2SO4) sugar...

Complement C5-deficient (C5(-/-)) macrophages derived from B.10 congenic mice were found to be defective in killing intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). They were bacteriostatic after activation with IFN-gamma alone but bactericidal in the combined presence of IFN-gamma and C5-derived C5a anaphylatoxin that was deficient among these macrophages. Reduced killing correlated with a decr...

Congenic C5-deficient and C5-sufficient mice were infected with group B streptococci (GBS) to determine if the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) chemoattractant C5a contributes to PMNL recruitment in GBS infection and if GBS C5a-ase reduces C5a-induced PMNL recruitment in vivo. PMNL accumulation was greater in the peritoneum and air spaces of C5-sufficient mice than in C5-deficient mice. Admin...

The sex-dependent differences in serum levels of complement components have been reported concerning C4 (1), C5 (2, 3), C6 (3), C4-binding protein (C4-bp) ~ (4), and sex-limited protein (Slp) (5) in the mouse complement system. The serum levels o f these components in adult mice are always higher in males than in females within each inbred strain and are strongly under hormonal control. With re...

Skin allografts survived longer on ALS-treated, complement-deficient (C5 negative) recipients than on ALS-treated, complement-competent (C5 positive) recipients. Administration of C5-positive serum to C5-negative, ALS-treated recipients resulted in reduced graft survival. A percentage of grafts from ALS-treated, C5-positive donors was rejected when transferred to untreated syngeneic recipients;...

The central serine esterase of the alternative pathway of complement (APC) activation, activated factor B (Bb), has been shown recently to induce murine macrophages and human monocytes to become spread on a glass substrata. It has also been established that to induce the spreading reaction, the catalytic site of the Bb enzyme must be structurally intact since treatment of Bb with heat (56 degre...

A field experiment was conducted in sandy loam soils to study the Growth and Yield parameters of six different crops with limited number irrigations under a zero-till system rice fallows during rabi, 2021-22 at Agricultural College Farm, Naira. The laid out split-plot design, replicated thrice three irrigation levels viz., two (I1), (I2) four (I3) assigned main plots fallow Maize (C1), Sorghum ...

Fasting gluconeogenesis (GNG) is often quantified using the 2H2O technique, which is based on plasma 2H2O enrichment and ensuing enrichment of plasma glucose at the C5 and C2 positions. Fractional (fr)GNG can be calculated using the ratio of C5 to C2 enrichment or the ratio of C5 to plasma 2H2O enrichment. For the latter, equilibration of 2H2O and C2 is required. The optimal equilibration perio...