Dimethylformamide (DMF) acts as an efficient source of carbon monoxide and dimethylamine in the palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation (Heck carbonylation) of p-tolyl bromide to provide the dimethylamide. Addition of amines to the reaction mixture in excess delivers the corresponding aryl amides in good yields. The amines employed, benzylamine, morpholine, and aniline, all constitute good react...

Despite the commercial desirability of epoxide carbonylation to β-lactones, the reliance of this process on homogeneous catalysts makes its industrial application challenging. Here we report the preparation and use of a Co(CO)4--incorporated Cr-MIL-101 (Co(CO)4⊂Cr-MIL-101, Cr-MIL-101 = Cr3O(BDC)3F, H2BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid) heterogeneous catalyst for the ring-expansion carbonylation...

It has been observed protein carbonylation and glycation in the lens epithelial cell fractions of lenses in people with mature cataract. We used lenses of diabetic patients, weak and strong cigarette smokers and people who had senile cataract. The protein glycation is the highest in a diabetic senile cataract patients and the lowest in non-diabetic senile cataract patients. The protein carbonyl...

Elevated oxidative stress in Down syndrome due to elevated levels of superoxide dismutase 1 can be assessed by estimating the products of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde and protein carbonylation .The present study included 31 clinically diagnosed and karyotypically confirmed Down syndrome children with equal number of age and sex matched controls. The levels of malondialdehyde (6.1 ± 2.5 μm...

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a common ligand in transitionmetal chemistry. In organic chemistry, it is frequently used to introduce a C1 unit, although carbonylations, such as hydroformylation or the Pauson–Khand reaction, generally require a transition-metal catalyst, even for strained (and thus highly reactive) cyclic compounds. Only a few reports on the reactivity of CO towards compounds of main-...

A recent proteomics analysis from our laboratory demonstrated that several oxidative stress response proteins showed significant changes in steady-state levels in olfactory bulbs (OBs) of 20- vs. 1.5-month-old mice. Oxidative stress may result in protein oxidation. In this study, we investigated two forms of protein oxidative modification in murine OBs: carbonylation and nitration. Redox proteo...

Mitochondrial oxidative stress and damage have been implicated in the etiology of temporal lobe epilepsy, but whether or not they have a functional impact on mitochondrial processes during epilepsy development (epileptogenesis) is unknown. One consequence of increased steady-state mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels is protein post-translational modification (PTM). We hypothesize that ...