shigella and escherichia belong to the enterobacteriaceae family which are the cause for most of the diarrheal cases in the world. shigella can cause bacterial dysenteries and shigellosis. one of the most effective proteins for pathogenesis is invasion plasmid antigen c (ipac). other bacteria like enterotoxogenic (etec), enterohemorrhagic (ehec), and e.coli can also cause diarrhea and produce i...

The maturation of B cells leads to the synthesis highly evolved immunoglobulins (Igs) that enable efficient antigen-antibody recognition. Here we discuss a non-opportunistic, combinatorial concept “maturation” Igs in silico for production artificially-evolved immunocatalysts. Several recent breakthroughs including: (i) single cell selection using microfluidic technology (ii) approaches powered ...

We designed a lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor with specificity for the B-cell antigen CD19, coupled with CD137 (a costimulatory receptor in T cells [4-1BB]) and CD3-zeta (a signal-transduction component of the T-cell antigen receptor) signaling domains. A low dose (approximately 1.5×10(5) cells per kilogram of body weight) of autologous chimeric antigen receptor-modifie...

Advancements in Case Studies Allogeneic Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells: A Further Potential Weapon for Haematological Malignancies Martina Canichella1* and Paolo de Fabritiis1,2 1Haematology, St. Eugenio Hospital, ASL Roma, Italy 2Department of Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Tor Vergata University, *Corresponding author: Canichella, UOC Ematologia, Piazzale dell’Umanesimo 10, 00144 Rome, Submiss...